THE BLACKBIRDS. 257 



quills dusky-brown, externally washed with olive-brown, more 

 broadly on the inner secondaries, where the olive colour occu- 

 pies the outer web and forms a contrast to the dark brown of 

 the inner web ; all the quills with pale fringes at the tips, more 

 distinct on the inner secondaries ; the primaries edged with 

 ashy towards the end of the outer web ; tail-feathers dark 

 brown, with pale fringes to the tips ; crown of head more ashy- 

 olive than the back, with the centres of the feathers rather 

 darker ; lores, feathers in front of and below the eye, fore part 

 of cheeks, throat and chest black ; the ear-coverts and hinder 

 cheeks dark ashy-olive, like the sides of the neck, the latter 

 slightly mixed with black ; breast and abdomen white, the 

 sides of the body and flanks greyish, with a few dusky streaks 

 on the sides of the upper breast ; thighs light ashy-brown ; 

 under tail-coverts white, with brown bases ; axillaries and under 

 wing- coverts rich chestnut, the former edged with white ; edge 

 of wing white ; lower primary-coverts dusky, like the under sur- 

 face of the quills, which are reddish along the inner web ; bill 

 blackish-brown, dusky yellow at the base of the lower mandible ; 

 feet and claws greyish-brown ; iris blackish-brown. Total 

 length, 10 inches; culmen, o*8 ; wing, 5*4; tail, 37; tarsus, 

 1-25. 



Adult Female. — Different from the male, and lacking the black 

 on the face, throat, and chest ; ear-coverts and sides of face 

 ashy-olive, with a faint whitish eyebrow; cheeks and throat 

 white, with dusky blackish spots on the cheeks, sides of throat 

 and fore-neck ; breast and sides of body ashy-brown, streaked 

 with dusky brown ; axillaries and under wing-coverts orange- 

 chestnut. Total length, 9 inches; wing, 5*1. 



Range in Great Britain. — A very rare visitor, having only been 

 identified once, when a young male was shot near Lewes on 

 the 23rd of December, 1868, and passed into the collection of 

 Mr. T. J. Monk. As the species has been several times ob- 

 tained at various places on the continent of Europe it may 

 occur more frequently in the British Islands than has been 

 generally supposed. 



Range outside the British Islands. — The Black-throated Ouzel 

 is a Siberian bird, breeding in the valley of the Yenesei, and 



J S 



