25s Lloyd's natural history. 



Mr. Seebohm thinks, in that of the River Ob also. It also 

 nests on the Altai mountains, and in the mountains of Eastern 

 Turkestan, and probably in the higher portions of the Hima- 

 layan chain. In winter it is found plentifully in the latter range 

 as far as Assam, and occurs at this season of the year in Afghan- 

 istan and Baluchistan, as well as in Eastern Turkestan. It is on 

 its autumn migration that it wanders into Europe, where it has 

 been obtained in several countries, Russia, Denmark, Germany, 

 Belgium, France, and Italy. 



Habits. — As might be expected, little has been recorded of 

 the habits of this Ouzel. Mr. Seebohm writes : " I met with 

 it twice in the valley of the Yenesay, on my return journey from 

 the Arctic Regions, between 6o°and 63°N. lat, early in August. 

 I found it a very noisy, active bird. I was too late for the eggs, 

 but the not fully-fledged young, three of which I secured, were 

 a source of great anxiety to their parents, whose alarm-notes 

 resounded on the skirts of the forest on every side. They 

 principally frequented the neighbourhood of the villages on the 

 banks of the river, where the forest had been cut down for fire- 

 wood, and clumps of small trees were scattered over the rough 

 pastures, where the cattle of the peasants are turned out to 

 graze in the summer. They showed a marked preference for 

 the pines, and were very wary. The males kept out of gun- 

 shot, and I only secured one adult bird, a female. In its 

 winter home it frequents a variety of situations, affecting in 

 Eastern Turkestan, according to Dr. Scully, the trees lining the 

 watercourses or growing near tanks, or it may be seen amongst 

 the sand-hills and scrub-jungle. In India it is found in the 

 more open woods at a level of from 3,000 to 8,000 feet, or it 

 may be seen in the roads and pathways. Near Gwadar, in 

 Baluchistan, Mr. Blanford found it frequenting the miserable 

 apologies for gardens in that ' most desolate of inhabited spots 

 on the earth's surface.' The food of this Thrush consists of 

 worms and insects, and doubtless small snails, varied in autumn 

 and winter with a diet of fruit and berries. In Eastern Tur- 

 kestan it is known as the ' Jigda-churr, or * Jigda-eater,' as Dr. 

 Scully informs us, from its feeding on the Eleagnus berries, 

 known as 'Trebizond dates,' and called 'Jigda' in Turki." 



Nest — Not yet described. 



