1(34 BIRDS OF DAM All A LAND. 



Livingstone has recorded his having met with flocks 

 of this species and of its congener, B. erytlirorhynclia^ 

 " roosting on reeds in spots where neither tame nor 

 wild animals were to be found"*. 



The arrival of these birds is announced by a sharp cry ; 

 and the next moment they may be seen in a little flock 

 descending fearlessly on and amongst the cattle, which 

 are at first much alarmed, and run about in wild confu- 

 sion just as they do when troubled with gadflies; but 

 their apprehensions are soon dispelled and exchanged 

 for sensations of evident pleasure as the Oxpeckers run 

 over their backs, sides, and bellies, like Woodpeckers 

 upon trees, except when an ox, by an occasional jerk 

 or sudden twist, appears to indicate that the claws of 

 the bird have caused something like pain by touching 

 some spot where the skin of the animal happens to be 

 tender. 



The iris in this species is orange, but in one specimen 

 which I obtained it was greyish green, and the bill dark 

 horn-colour instead of the usual coloration of yellow 

 tipped with red. 



[Mr. Andersson, in his work entitled " Lake Ngamij" refers 

 at p. 214 to the habits of this bird as above detailed, and adds 

 that it " is also a frequent companion of the rhinoceros, to which, 

 l)csides being of service in ridding liim of many of the insects 

 tliat infest his hide, it performs tlie important part of sentinel. 

 On many occasions has this watchful bird prevented me from 

 getting a sliot at that beast : the moment it suspects danger it 

 flies almost perpendicularly up into the air, uttering sharp 

 shrill notes that never fail to attract the attention of the rliino- 



* ^Missionary Travels, p. 540. 



