10 THE MYOLOGY OF THE RAVEN. 



small circumscribed area situate upon tlie antero-inner 

 aspect of the middle of either limb of the furcula as a 

 rounded, though not large, bundle of muscular fibres. 

 They take their course directly uj) the neck, separated 

 by quite an interval. About the middle of their path, 

 they each flatten out and become intimately attached to 

 the skin and the dermo-temporalis muscle. Further 

 along, they become gradually narrower again, and are 

 finally inserted, touching each other by their inner 

 borders, on the anterior aspect of the superior larynx, 

 the trachea, and the skin over these parts. It is only 

 for about their middle thirds that they may be con- 

 sidered as true dermal muscles, and thus account for 

 their appearance in the present category. By their 

 acting in common, or each in turn, movements of 

 the parts would result similar to those described by 

 Professor Owen for the sterno-maxillwris (see footnote, 

 anted). 



The longitudinal incision which we made down the 

 back of the neck must now be extended, passing only 

 through the skin, to the distal tip of the pygostyle. 



bend the neck ; but the movements of the head and neck are more 

 adequately and immediately provided for by the appropriate deeper- 

 seated muscles, and the immediate office of the present muscle is 

 obviously connected with the skin. Nevertheless, in so far as this 

 muscle acts upon the head, it produces the same movements as the 

 sterno-mastoideus in Mammalia" (loc. cit., p. 111). 



Since writing the footnote just quoted from Owen, 1 have ascer- 

 tained (Bronn's Klassen des Thier-Reichs, vi. Band, pp. 214, 215) 

 that Professor Gadow considers the constrictor colli of Owen to be 

 the superficial layer of the muscle called the cucullaris by Professor 

 Fiirbringer and adopted by himself, while the dermo-spincdis of 

 Owen constitutes the third division of the same muscle, or the m. 

 cucullaris, pars propatagialis, of Fiirbringer, which, as I have above 

 remarked, is my derma-tensor paiagii. — R. W. S. 



