16 THE MYOLOGY OF THE RAVEN. 



14. The temporal. — To thoroughly expose, this 

 muscle we must divide the strong lateral ligament of the 

 jaw, which is attached above the tip of the squamosal 

 process, and below to the outer side of the articular end 

 of the mandible. The dense fascia encasing the temporal 

 should also be largely dissected away. 



The bulk of this fan-shaped muscle will be found 

 attached to, and occupying the entire temporal fossa. 

 Anterior to this, some of its more fleshy fibres arise from 

 the mesial side of the sphenotic process, and the adjacent 

 wall of the orbit. From this extensive origin the fibres 

 converge as they pass downwards and forwards, blend 

 more or less completely with the fibres of the masseter as 

 they come opposite to them, to finally become tendinous, 

 to be inserted in the coronoid process upon the superior 

 ramal margin of the mandible. 



15. The massete^' (Figs. 1 and 7). — This muscle, 

 which may be considered a powerful auxiliary to the 

 one just described, is in the Raven divided into two 

 distinct portions. The greater mass arises by a broad 

 and thin tendon from the entire length of the bony ridge 

 above the auditory entrance, and the squamosal process 



numerous handsome and useful figures on plates, and an extensive 

 synonymy is given, the latter being somewhat too extensive to 

 reproduce in the present connection. He divides his m. digastricus 

 s. DEPRESSOR MANDiBUL^ into three portions («, Aussere Portion ; 

 h, Mittlere Portion ; and c, Innere Portion), and separately defines 

 them. The temporal has also been somewhat similarly dealt with, 

 having been divided into four portions, with an accessory part. 



The pterygoidal muscles are given under a single caption, the 

 MM. PTERYGOiDEi. Numerous prominent writers have been omitted 

 in so far as the synonymy goes, though the subject of these head- 

 muscles has been carefully handled by the author in question. 



In my description above, I have essentially adopted (for the 

 present) the nomenclature of Owen {Anat. Verts., vol. ii.), though 

 subsequent dissections may incline me to alter or abandon it. 



