THE MUSCLES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY. 95 



the muscle consists in keeping the coracoid firmly in 

 place and preventing its dislocation during violent action 

 of surrounding muscles (see Figs, 8 and 25). 



61. The coraco-hrachialis ^ (Figs. 8 and 27) is a 

 long fusiform muscle that arises by a delicate tendon 



^ My dissections of the coraco-hrachialis in Corvus convinced me 

 that it had the same origin and insertion described for it by Owen 

 [Anat. Verts., vol. ii. p. 97) ; but I find that Gadovv, who calls the 

 muscle the subcoracoideus, finds a different arrangement of things, 

 for he says that, " Bei Corvus, Garrulus, und Paradisea entspringt 

 ein Theil von Binnenseite und dem Vorderrander des Sternum und 

 von der Tnnenflache des benachbarten Coracoidtheiles ; ein anderer 

 Theil kommt vom Proc. fui-cularis des Coracoids und der Scapula. 

 Beider Theile Sehnen inseriren sich vereinige dicht am Caput 

 humeri etwas proximal von der Sehne des Subscapularis " (Bronn's 

 Klassen des TJiier-Eeivhs, vi. Band, p. 239). Gadow agrees with 

 Owen in that the coraco-hrachialis is missing in Struthio and small 

 in the Apteri/x. 



He presents us with the following synonymy for it (loc. cit., 

 p. 238) :- 



" 72rt. M. SUBCORACOIDEUS. 



Souclavier iiiterne. Vicq d'Azyr, p. 628. 

 Vorderer anziehender Armmuskel. Merrem, p. 153. 

 Ohne Namen. Meckel, System, p. 320, No. 13. 

 Coraco-hrachialis siqjerior. Schopss, p. 115, No. 17. 

 Coraco-hrachialis brevis. Milne-Edwards ; Selenka, p. 115, No. 41. 

 „ „ ,, De Man, p. 106 (2. Portion) j Carlsson, 



p. 18. 

 Coraco-hrachialis. Owen, A-pteryx, p. 289 ; Watson, p. 84 ; Gurlt. 

 L'accessoire coracoidien du sous-scapulaire. Gervais et Alix, p. 23. 

 Coraco-hrachialis externus. FUrbringer, Morph. Jahrh., v. 

 Suh-coraco-scapularis (Pars coracoidea) — M. suhcoracoideus. FUr- 

 bringer, Morph. Jahrh., xi., und Monographic.'^ 



Authors appear to describe two portions of this muscle, of which 

 my coraco-hrachialis is one ; Selenka says of his Coracohrachialis 

 hrevis (No. 41) that " Die alteren Beschreibungen dieses Muskels 

 sind siimmtlich mangelhaft und verwirrt, viele sonst ausfiihrliche 

 Arbeiten nennen ihn nicht eiumal. Cuvier spricht nur allgemein 



