THE MUSCLES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY. 241 



much light upon the variations as they are to be found 

 in the less tyjDical birds in this respect." 



118. The Jiexor perforatus annularis primus pedis ^ 

 arises from the iniier side of the belly of the Jiexor 

 longus hallucis, about a centimetre below its median 

 head, some of the fibres of its flat tendon being un- 

 doubtedly carried up to the insertion of the latter 

 muscle. It passes directly down the back of the leg 

 as a long, laterally compressed, rather slender muscle. 



^ In introducing the term " annularis " into the name of this 

 muscle, the writer does so simply with the view of impressing upon 

 the mind the relation or position the toe bears with reference to the 

 corresponding finger of the hand, i.e. in five-fingered and five-toed 

 vertebrates. A distinctive name is pretty sure to do this. I am 

 greatly pleased with the names Gadow has conceived for these flexor 

 muscles in the feet of birds, and if what the names signify holds true 

 for the class, they are deserving of veiy general adoption. No one 

 will question the boon it would prove to be to have a commonly 

 accepted nomenclature for them (No. 118 is 51c of Gadow). 



"51c. M. FLEXOR PERFORATUS DIGITI IV. 



Le JlecliissetiT commun {on ferfore). Vicq d'Azyr, 283, No. 3 ; 



Cuvier, 558. 

 Flexor jjerforatus digili externi. Wiedemaun, p. 104. 

 ,, ,, „ „ Tiedemann, § 311. 



„ „ ,, ,, Watson, p. 121. 



Langer Zehenbeuger ; innerer Kopf. Meckel, Archiv, 277, No. 4. 

 Einer der Spulmuskeln. Meckel, Syslem, 382-386, No. 2. 

 Flexor eonwiunis quatluor digitorura s. subliniis (pt.). d' Alton, p. 



37. 

 Flexor 2)er/oratus (Tpt.). Reid, p. 144. 

 Flexor suhlimis s. i^erforatus digiti quarti. Gurlt, p. 31. 

 Flexor perforatus of the outer toe, s. longus digitorum (pt.). Owen. 

 Flexor perforatus digitorum (ausserer Kopf). De Man, 131, No. 20. 

 Flechisseur peifore, coucheprofonde (pt.). Gervais et Alix, p. 36. 

 Flechisseur superficiel du doigt externe (ou quatrieme doigt). Alix, 



pp. 458 et 460. 

 Flexor digitorum suhlimis. Quennerstedt, p. 42 ; Neander, p. 25. 

 Flexor perforatiis digiti IV. Gadow, No. 38." 



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