THE MUSCULATURE OF THE TRUNK. 291 



little more externally, as the authority quoted states 

 that its insertion is to be found on the paroccipital. 



135. The inter sjnnales ^ constitute a series of muscles 

 that connect the neural spines of the vertebrae. 



^ In Figs. 71 and 72 I have attempted to clearly portray the 

 system of muscles that may be considered to be strictly intervertebral 

 in the cervical region of the Raven, and they probably thus exist in 

 the vast majority of the class. Of the four sets, viz. the Inter- 

 sjnnales, the Interarticulares, the Ohliquo-transver sales, and the Inter- 

 transversales, Gadow gives good brief accounts, with their several 

 synonymies as he makes them out. All these latter I quote below, 

 with the exception of the Interarticulares, for which I fail to find 

 a description by the author in question, unless perchance he includes 

 them in his muscle No. 9, or the M. niultijidus + semisjnnalis, an 

 account of which I have quoted from him on a former page of 

 the present work (see Bronn's Klassen des Tliier-Reiclis, vi. Band, 

 pp. 113-115):— 



"11. M. INTERSPINALES. 



Zwischendorn-Muskeln. Meckel, System, p. 294, No. 6. 



„ „ Tiedemann, p. 292, No. 12. 



Obliquo-spinales. Selenka, p. 97, No. 8. 

 Inter sjnnales. Owen; Selenka, p. 97, No. 9. 

 Interarticulares. Selenka, p. 97, No. 9. 

 Court interejnneux. Alix, p. 374." 



These I take to represent the Interspinales (No. 135), and the next 

 the Ohliquo-transver sales (No. 137), while the last are my Intertrans- 

 versales (No. 138) : — 



" 10. Mm. kotatores s. obliquo-transversales. 



Kleine Zwischenquermuskeln ('?). Meckel, System, p. 294, No. 7. 



Midtifidus sjnnce. Owen. 



Obliquo-transversales. Selenka, p. 97, No. 11. 



Muscles articulo- ou epineux-transversaires. Alix, p. 378. 



" 12. System dee Mm. intertransversarii. 



Zwischen-Quermuskeln. Wiedemann, p. 78. 



Vordere und hintere Zwischen-Quermuskeln (^Intertransversarii). 



Tiedemann, § 221. 

 Intertransversaires. Cuvier, vol. i., p. 190. 

 „ Gervais et Alix, p. l4. 



u 2 



