TIMALTXiK. 35 



The first have the head crested, that and the breast white, and 

 a black eav-s tripe ; and the only species known to the older authors 

 is the first on our list. The bill is furnished with tufts of bristly 

 feathers advancing to the base of the nostrils ; the tarsus is very 

 strong ; the middle toe elongated, and the outer toe distinctly 

 longer than the inner. 



407. Garrulax leucolophus, IIardwicke. 



Corvus, apud IIardwicke, Lin. Tr. XI. — Blytii, Cat. 482 — 

 IIoitSF., Cat. 284 — Gould, Cent. H. Birds, pi. 18 — Rawil-kahy, 

 IL in the N. W. P. — Karrio-pho, Lepch. — Karria ffoka, Bhot. — 

 Laughing Crow of Europeans in the N. W. Himalayas. 



The White-crested Laughing-thrush. 



Descr. — The whole head with the crest, nape, sides of 

 neck, throat, and breast, pure white, tinged with cinereous on the 

 nape and back of the neck ; a black streak from the nostrils 

 through the eye to the ear-coverts ; the rest of the plumage rich 

 olive rufcscent brown, tinged with chesnut where it joins the 

 white, and darker on the tail ; quills and tail dusky on their inner 

 webs. 



Bill black ; legs plumbeous ; irides red-brown (or brownish 

 yellow in some). Length 12 inches ; extent 15^ ; wing 5 ; tail 5 ; 

 bill at front y| ; tarsus 1|. 



The White-crested Laughing-thrush is found throughout the 

 whole extent of the Himalayas from the far north-west to Bootau, 

 and thence through the Khasia hills to Arrakan. It assembles in 

 large flocks of twenty or more, every now and then bursting out 

 into a chorus of most discordant laughter, quite startling at first, and 

 screaming and chattering for some time. They feed on the ground a 

 good deal, turning over dead leaves for insects, but also eat various 

 berries. They frequent the hill zone from about 2,000 to 6,000 feet 

 of elevation (rarely higher), but are most numerous between 3,000 

 and 4,500 feet. 



- I have had the nest and eggs brought me more than once when 

 at Darjecling ; the former being a large mass of roots, moss, and 

 grass, with a few pure white eggs. 



