368 BIRDS OF INDIA. 



P.Jlaveolus, Blyth, I found common at Thyet-myo, in Upper Pegu, 

 usually building on thorny trees, but occasionally in verandahs. 

 P. jugiferus, Temm., from the Philippines, is recorded by Bonaparte. 



The only other Sparrows of Europe and Asia not pi'eviously 

 alluded to are F. italicus, Degland (cisalpinus, Temm.), of 

 S. Europe and North Africa ; and P. jagoensis, Gould, from the 

 Cape de Verde Islands. There are several others from Africa. 



The next species has been classed as a Ploceus by Sykes, and 

 Hodgson makes it the type of his genus Gymnoris, but it scarcely 

 differs, except in its mode of coloration, from some of the preceding 

 Sparrows. 



711. Passer flavicollis, Franklin. 



Fringilla, apud Franklin — Blyth, Cat. 649— Horsf., Cat. 

 759 — Jerdon, Cat. 177 — Sykes, Cat \07—Raji, H., vulgo Jangli 

 churi — Adavi pichike, also Konde pichike, and Cheruku pichike, Tel. 

 The Yellow-necked Sparrow. 



Descr. — Above ashy brown, beneath dirty or brownish white, 

 more albescent on the vent and under tail-coverts, and white on 

 the chin ; a yellow spot on the middle of the throat ; shoulders 

 and lesser-coverts chesnut ; wings with some white marks on the 

 tertiaries, and two white bands formed by the tips of the coverts. 



The female merely differs in the yellow neck-spot, and the ches- 

 nut on the wings, being paler than in the male. 



Bill black ; irides brown ; legs cinereous brown. Length 5^ 

 inches ; extent 10 ; wing 3y\j ; tail 2 ; tarsus /^. 



The yellow-necked Sparrow is found over the greater part of 

 India, but does not appear to occur in Lower Bengal, nor in the 

 countries to the eastward ; and it does not ascend the Himalayas 

 to any height. It has not yet been observed in Ceylon. 



It frequents thin forest jungle ; also groves of trees, avenues, 

 and gardens, in the better wooded parts of the country. It 

 lives in small parties, occasionally, during the cold weather, 

 congregating in very large Hocks ; feeds on various seeds, grains, 

 and flower-buds, and has much the same manners and habits as 

 the common house-sparrow. It has also a very similar note. It 

 breeds in holes in trees, and in some parts of the country, in the 



