2 LLOYDS NATURAL HISTORY. 



I. THE RED CRESTED POCHARD. NETTA RUFINA. 



Anas rufi7ia, Pallas, Reise, ii. App. p. 713 (1773). 



Aythya rufina^ Macg. Br. B. v. p. 109 (1852). 



Fuligula rufina, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 559, pi. 435 (1873); 



B. O. U. List Br. B. p. 128 (1883); Saunders, ed. Yarr. 



Br. B. iv. p. 403 (1884); Seebohm, Br. B. iii. p. 567 



(1885) ; Saunders, Man. p. 431 (1889) ; Lilford, Col. Fig. 



Br. B. part x. (1889). 

 Netta rufina, Salvad. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxvii. p. 328 (1895). 



Adult Male. — Back light drab-brown, including the mantle, 

 upper back, and scapulars ; lower back, rump, and upper tail- 

 coverts black ; a white patch on each side of the mantle ; 

 wing-coverts dull ashy, those round the end of the wing white ; 

 bastard-wing and primary-coverts also ashy ; primaries ashy- 

 brown externally, as well as at the tips of the inner webs, with a 

 sub-terminal black bar on the latter, the inner webs otherwise 

 white, forming a large " mirror," extending on to the outer 

 webs of the inner primaries, which are white excepting for their 

 blackish tips ; secondaries also white, with a sub-terminal bar of 

 ashy ; the inner ones pearly-grey, the innermost brown, like the 

 scapulars ; tail ashy-grey ; crown of head much crested, cinna- 

 mon ; lores, sides of face, and throat vinous-chestnut ; a band 

 down the hind neck, sides of neck and upper mantle, as well as 

 the under surface of the body black, rather browner on the 

 abdomen ; sides of body white, the feathers adjoining the 

 black colour vermiculated with dusky ; the flank-feathers light 

 brown at the ends ; axillaries and under wing-coverts white ; 

 " bill brilliant crimson, sometimes a little inclining to vermi- 

 lion ; nail brown or white, tinged with brownish-horn or pink 

 horny, brown or yellow at tip ; feet dingy salmon-colour or 

 reddish-orange, dusky on the joints and blackish on the webs ; 

 iris varying from brown to red, in very old birds " (^A. O. 

 Hume). Total length, 21 inches; culmen, 2'i5 ; wing, 10-3; 

 tail, 27; tarsus, i*6. 



Adult Female. — Different from the male. Light brown above, 

 paler on the scapulars, which have whity-brown ends ; lower 

 back and rump dusky-brown, the upper tail-coverts paler 

 brown ; wing-coverts light brown ; quills as in the male, but 

 the white on the inner web of the primaries not quite so ex- 



