Till-: iMI(;kati()Ns or tiik skylark 223 



8. Spring immigration of summer visitors, and 

 return of winter emigrants. 



9. Spring emigration to Central Europe from south- 

 eastern England. 



10. Spring emigration to Northern Europe from the 

 British Isles. 



11. Spring passage frcjm Southern to Central and 

 Northern Europe along the British coasts. 



12. Local movements in s[)rlng between British 

 winter quarters and British summer (nesting) haunts. 



But even this is not all, for the movements which 

 take place between Great Britain and Ireland have 

 also to be considered. 



Autiuim Emioration of Ilouic-brcd Birds. — Towards 

 the close of the nesting season an increased number of 

 Skylarks is observable in the lowlands, particularly near 

 the coast ; a fact due, no doubt, to migration from the 

 higher grounds, t(j which the species is only a summer 

 visitor. So early as July in some years there are a few 

 records from the light-stations showing that departure 

 has already commenced, but these early llittings must 

 be regarded as exceptional.' During August there are 

 usually a few signs of emigration, and towards the end 

 of that month there is evidence that it has fully set in. 



' A remarkable instance of this kind occurred on the night of 25lh July 

 1881, when a great nunil)er of Skylarks appeared at the Leman and Ower 

 lightship, off the Norfolk coast, and sixty were killed by striking the lantern, 

 and at the same time fifty were killed at the Dudgeon, a neighbouring 

 lightship. The weather was wet, changeable, and cold for the time of 

 year. At the Kddystonc, on the night of 31st July and through the earliest 

 hours of 1st August 1902, Skylarks, Starlings, Wheatears, Sedge- Warblers, 

 Curlews, and other species undetermined were crossing the Channel in 

 some numbers. The wings of the species named, except those of the Curlew, 

 were sent to me for identification, as they had been killed at the lantern 

 of the lighthouse. 



