278 STUDIES IN BIRD-MIGRATION ' 



November, they appeared at the same stations, also in 

 numbers and direct from the Atlantic. Similar move- 

 ments were witnessed in 1888 and 1890, chiefly in 

 November, at Tearaght and at Slyne Head, Galway. 



In the middle of November 1893 (^oon after the 

 great movement observed at Scilly), some 4000 or 

 5000 appeared in the Island of Lewis, arriving in an 

 exhausted state, and great numbers were washed ashore 

 on the west side of the island.^ At this time many too 

 passed St Kilda, and great numbers perished. Some 

 of them remained on the island until the following 

 summer. 



Sumviary of the Migrations of the Rook. — i. Partial 

 and irregular movements on the part of young and old 

 begin at the close of the nesting season and continue 

 throughout the autumn. 



2. Vast numbers of Rooks from Central Europe arrive 

 on the south-east coast of England (coming from the 

 east and south-east) between the latter half of September 

 and the middle of November, to pass the winter in the 

 eastern counties of England. This is the main autumnal 

 movement. 



3. During October and until the middle of November, 

 emigrants from Scandinavia arrive on our northern 

 shores and remain to winter in Great Britain. They 

 are chiefly observed as immigrants in Shetland and 

 Orkney, and on passage to their British retreats, on the 

 north-east and north-west coastlines. 



4. In severe winters some emigrate from the m.ain- 

 land of North Britain and are observed in small numbers 

 in the western isles (Lewis, etc.). 



5. Late in February, during March, and sometimes 



' Annals pf Scot, Nat. Hist.,, pp. 149-150. 



