214 THE GROUSE IN HEALTH AND IN DISEASE 



acid are most abundant. Some moors, however, such as those ou the PentLands, 

 include patches of land in which worms flourish. Still there seems no reason at 

 present to incriminate the forked worm of causing any trouble to Grouse. One 

 of our cases was a young bird from Argyllshire. 



(11.) Family Trichotrachelidse. 



(iii.) Trichosoma longicolle (Rud.). 



Synonyms : Calodium catidinjlatum Molin. 

 Trichosoma gallinum Kow. 

 Trichosoma caudinflatum, Kow. 



History. 



This genus, first named and described by Rudolphi,' is also described by 

 Dujardin" from various species of gallinaceous birds. He gives a list of the 

 earlier and ill-defined synonyms. The species is also mentioned by Diesing^ under 

 the same name. It is recorded by Molin ^ under the name Calodium caudinjlatuvi, 

 the name referring to the swollen tail of the female, from the small intestine of the 

 partridge and the quail. Eberth,^ who gives the best account of the anatomy of 

 the genus Trichosoma, gives a short description and a figure of a nematode under 

 the same name, Trichosoma longicolle ; he draws attention to Dujardin's description 

 of a funnel-like appendix to the vagina, and surmises that tliis is a prolapsed 

 piece of the vagina ; this is undoubtedly the case in some of our specimens. 

 Kowalevsky " mentions imder the name Trichosoma gallinum what Dr von Liustow 

 tells me is this species, and in a later paper" apparently describes and figures 

 this under the name Trichosoma caudinjiatum. Unfortunately I have been 

 unable to read this, as the paper is written in Polish. Railliet' considers that 

 the Trichosoma longicolle described by Dujardin and Eberth does not agree with 

 Rudolphi's description of his Trichosornn longiculle. He points out that Dujardin 

 and Eberth's species occurs in the ctecum of the fowl and of the guinea-fowl, and 

 he renames this species Trichosoma i-etusum Raill., 1893. The length of this worm 



' C. A. Rudolphi, " Ento/.ooruin Synopsis." Berlin, 1819. 



2 M. F. Dujardin, " Histoire Naturelle des Helmintlies," p. 19. 



3 0. M. Diesing, " Systema Ik'lminthum," ii. p. 200, ISoO-Ql. 



■• R. Molin, " Sitzungslieriilite derkaiserlichen Akadeniie der 'WLssenscliaften," xxxiii. p. 302. Wicn, 1859 ; 

 and "Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akadeniie der Wissenscliaften," xix. ]). 330. Wien, 1861 ; also Mem. 

 1st Veneto, ix. p. C17, 1800. 



'' C. .1. I'^bertli, " Untersucliungen iiber Nematoden." Leipzig, 1863. 



" M. Kowalevsky, " bulletin international dc I'Academie des Sciences de Cracovie," p. 280, 1894. 



^ M. Kowalevsky, " Rozjirawy i Sprawozdania z posiedzeu wydzialu mateniatyezno-przyrodnic/.ego 

 Akademii Uniiejetnusci," xxxviii. p. 274. Krakow, 1901. 



8 A. Railliet, "Traite de Zoologie Mi'dicale et Acricole." Pari?, 1895. 



