326 THE GROUSE IN HEALTH AND IN DISEASE 



best named Trichomonas eberihi, though Eberth's original figures published in 1862 

 do not especially suggest a typical Trichomonas. However, the somewhat peculiar 

 shapes figured by Eberth are perhaps due to the fact that the organism is very 

 easily deformed. 



In Grouse both typical Trichomonas (PL XLViii., Figs. 43-46) and Monocer- 

 comonas (Fig. 48) forms were seen in life as well as in fixed and stained prepara- 

 tions (fixed wet with osmic acid and stained with Delafield's haematoxylin or 

 Giemsa's stain). The bodies of the parasites vary from S/x to 13^ by 6^ to 9yu. 



Trichomonas eherthi possesses three fiagella disposed around a slight cytostomic 

 depression (Figs. 43-45), and arising inside the body close to a chromatin granule, 

 the blepharoplast or kinetonucleus. The fiagella are often much entangled. There 

 is an undulating membrane with a flagellar border and short free flagellum ; the 

 membrane possesses also a chromatic base line on the body as seen in some specimens 

 (Fig. 45). There is also a skeletal organella arising at or close to the blepharoplast 

 and running backwards to the posterior (non-flagellar) end of the body, where it 

 may project a little (Figs. 43-45). This stiff .skeletal rod — which stains blue with 

 Giemsa's stain — is the axostyle. A row of granules or blocks may be seen along- 

 side the axostyle and base line of the membrane — better marked in some specimens 

 than in others (Figs. 43-45). The nucleus is situated rather nearer the flagellar end 

 of the body close beneath the blepharoplast, and is fairly large and more or less 

 spherical. Chromatin granules are seen within it during the resting state, and a 

 nuclear membrane is present (Figs. 43-46). 



Trichomonas eberthi divides longitudinally. Although I have carefully searched 

 for dividing forms, I have only seen them on two occasions, and then in stained 

 preparations. One of the dividing forms is shown in Fig. 49, but I had not sufticient 

 material to follow the details of division. The process of division is well described 

 by Dobell (1909) for Trichomonas hatrachorum, and l)y Wenyon (1907) for 

 T. intestinalis in the mouse. 



Encystment ^ of T. eberthi occurs (Fig. 50). The organism gradually becomes 

 oval in outline, and its body substance concentrates after gradual absorption of the 

 flagella, undulating membrane and axostyle (Fig. 50). A thin gelatinous cyst is 

 seen in the specimen drawn (Fig. 50). Round, contracted, unencysted forms were 

 also seen ; these are probably resting forms. 



Non-flagellate, irregular, immobile forms with nucleus and axostyle are occasion- 

 ally seen. Amojboid forms arc, I believe, the result of degeneration. 



' B. Parisi has recently noted encystment in TriohomonaJs (" Arch. f. Protistenkunde," xi.\. p. 232). 



