THE ECTOPARASITES OF THE RED GROUSE 363 



the moor-hen, Gallinula chloi-opus L., and others. In the thousands of Grouse which 

 have passed through our hands we have found but one or two specimens of this 

 flea, all in 1906, and we have never found a single specimen in the crop. The 

 dog-flea, Pulex serraticejis P. Gerv., is said to be the intermediate host of the 

 dog tapeworm, Dipylidium caninuvi, and, as Dr Leiper suggests, it may be that 

 the C. galUni'lce plays a part in the life-history of the Grouse tapeworms. In 

 identifying a flea almost every hair tells, and, as C. galUnulce has not been 

 accurately figured before, I take this opportunity of figuring it in both sexes 

 (PI. LVL, Fig. 3, A and B). 



YI. — Ceratopbtllus garei Rothsch. 



This second species of flea was found in a Grouse in 1907 ; we only took one or 

 two specimens. It is recorded by Evans ^ from the nest of the water-vole, of the 

 lapwing, Vanellus vanellus, and of the ring-dove, Coluraha palwnibus. Rothschild" 

 has found it in the nest of a water-hen, Gallinula chlorapus, and he records it as 

 having been taken from Mustela erminea, the stoat, M. vulgaris, the weasel, 

 Sorex vulgaris, the shrew, Microtus glareolus, the bank-vole, and M. amphihius, 

 the water-rat, and from hedge-clippings. 



ARACHNIDA. 



AcARiNA. — Mites and Ticks. 



(i.) Fam. Ixodidae. — Ticks. 



VII. — Ixodes ricinvs (L.) 



This is one of the commonest and one of the oldest known ticks of Europe. In 

 the British Isles it usually occurs on hunting-dogs, and is sometimes called the 

 " dog-tick " ; the adult stage is especially frequent on sheep, goats, and oxen, less 

 common on horses, dogs, and men. Mr William Evans ^ tells me that he has not 

 found this species on dogs — in his district the "dog-tick" being Ixodes liexagonus 

 Leach, var. inchoatus Neum. On the other hand, the larvas and the nymphs are 

 common enough on birds, lizards, and small mammals — in fact, on animals which 

 live among and brush against grass or heather. It is only in the nymph and larva 

 state that we found these ticks on the Grouse. On each of the infested birds the 



' " The Annals of Scottish Natural History," p. 16.3, 1906. 

 ^ Entmnohgists' Montlily Magazine, II., ser. xiii. p. 225, 1902. 

 ■■' " The Annals of Scottish Natural History," p. 35, 1907. 



