28 THE ENtOMOLOGIST's RECORb. 



meso- and meta-thorax have the posterior (ii) and anterior (i) tubercle 

 on the same side united into a prominent boss ; the hairs representing 

 the anterior trapezoidals being placed a little behind the ones repre- 

 senting the posterior. The abdominal segments, 1-8, are each sub- 

 divided into three sub-segments, the first carrying the anterior 

 trapezoidals (i), placed close together and towards the front of the 

 segment, the second subsegment carrying the posterior trapezoidals 

 (ii), which are more separated. Each carries a single pale (changing 

 afterwards to a black) hair. The anterior and posterior trapezoidals 

 are united, on either side of the 9th abdominal segment. Lateral 

 view. — Each abdominal segment carries three lateral tubercles on 

 either side. Each consists of a simple black wart, bearing a single 

 black hair (except the subspiracular, which carries a pale hair), placed 

 on a large grey-coloured boss. These tubercles are the supra-, post- 

 and sub-spiracular. The spiracle is exceedingly minute, but with a 

 greyish rim, that renders it distinguishable. The prothorax carries only 

 two lateral tubercles, the pre- and sub-spiracular, the spiracle minute 

 with a blackish-grey rim. The two lateral tubercles on the meso- and 

 post-thorax are similarly situated. The true legs and the prolegs 

 almost transparent. (August 30th, 1897). 



E. rmsula. — The newly-batched larva of E. russula is white, with 

 a black head and yellowish triangular clypeus. Dorml view. — A pale 

 brown corneous plate occurs on the centre of the dorsum of the 

 prothorax, the plate bearing two pale hairs, centrally ; whilst four 

 long black hairs arise from the front of the segment before the plate. 

 The meso- and post-thoracic segments also bear four dorsal tubercular 

 warts, those representing the anterior trapezoidals (i), bemg shifted 

 back so as to fall just behind the normally posterior trapezoidals 

 (ii). Each of these bears a single long black hair. On the abdominal 

 segments the anterior and posterior trapezoidals are normal in position, 

 the anterior (i) rather close together and very small, the posterior (ii) 

 rather more separate. Each of these consists of a small black wart, 

 the anterior (i) bearing a rather short pale hair, the posterior (ii) 

 bearing a long black one. On the 9th abdominal segment the 

 anterior tubercles are wanting. Lateral view. — There are three rows 

 of lateral tubercles. (1) The supra-spiracular, placed at the front of 

 the segment, and each of the tubercles in this row bearing two separate 

 black hairs (the upper hair much the shorter, and placed in a line with 

 the anterior trapezoidals, the other just in front of the line of the 

 posterior trapezoidals). (2) The post-spiracular, each bearing also a 

 long black hair. (3) The sub-spiracular row of tubercles, each of 

 which bears a long white hair. The marginal series of tubercles, 

 running along the base of the prolegs, also carry white hairs. The 

 spiracles in this stage are almost indistinguishable. General notes. — 

 The tubercles in this newly-hatched larva form large transparent 

 glassy-looking bosses, on which the black warts, and the black hairs 

 they carry, are very conspicuous. The true legs and prolegs are also 

 very transparent. The anal prolegs carry a number of small black 

 warts, each bearing a glassy-looking transparent hair. In a few 

 hours after hatching the transparent bosses become dark grey, and 

 the young larva gets quite a dark appearance. (August 80th, 1897.) 

 Resemblances between the newly-hatched larV/E of C. hera and 

 E. russula. — The newly-hatched larvae resemble each other in the 



