SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND OBSKRVATIONS. 107 



this, I Laid the larva tin containing the female on the ground, and 

 to my astonishment, within about half-an-hour thirteen males had fallen 

 victims tlu'ough the extraordinary charms of the unseen female. On 

 the 10th (fourth day after emergence) this female still attracted a few 

 males. On July 11th, another female emerged, and wishing for fur- 

 ther experiments in the same direction, took her out the following 

 morning. Walking towards Leigh, I had not proceeded far before one 

 male put in an appearance, flying wildly round and round me, followed 

 immediately by a second. To appreciate the wonderful sense by which 

 they were guided, it must be borne in mind that the bag I carried was 

 a tightly closed leather one, the female inside being in an ordinary 

 larva tin, one side only of which was made of perforated zinc. Arriving 

 nearer lladleigli Castle, I then walked along with the tin in my hand, 

 and it was a never to-be-forgotten sight to see the males, coming up 

 against the wind, one after the other, dashing round me, sometimes 

 three or four at a time, or one, now and again, even settling on the 

 tin as I held it still. The sport was fast and furious, and I took back 

 with me fifteen absolutely perfect specimens, having examined and 

 rejected about three times that number, and, without exaggeration, 

 a hundred or more could easily have been captured, if required. What 

 appears even still more remarkable, is that, on July 20th, I was 

 carrying my bag, the tin inside, but cniptij, no female having been in 

 it since the Leigh experience (over a week previously), when, in the 

 course of the afternoon, many males were attracted, and, when the 

 bag was placed open on the ground, some actually went inside to 

 investigate. This seems to prove that the mysteriously alluring charm 

 of the $ L. ijucrcus is temporarily retained in a strong degree by a 

 metal box in which she may have been contained, and that this power 

 is not of an especially evanescent character, may be gathered from the 

 fact that the empty box was so attractive after its late occupant had 

 been removed therefrom for over a week. — Herbert Williams, 

 Southend. Jamiar;/, 1898. 



Zyg.5:na exulans with additional wings. — I took this specimen in 

 August, 1895, at Oberalp. As seen from above, it looks an ordinary 

 example of the species, the usual wings being quite normal. The legs 

 also are normal, and in their usual positions, but between the left 

 anterior wing and the meso-thoracic leg, are additional wing 

 structures ; the distance between the wing and the leg seems to be a 

 little greater than usual. At a distance below the wing of about a 

 millimetre, and parallel to it, is a supernumerary wing. In length, it is 

 barely a third of that of the wing above it, but structurallyit represents 

 the basal half of a normal upper wing, all the nervures being present up 

 to nearly the end of the discoidal cell, and the colours of the scales 

 covering it fairly correspond. The costa terminates in a small 

 crumpled process, apparently representing the costal margin of the 

 wing as far as the apex ; the rest of the wing terminates abruptly, 

 without any definite fringe, which one usually finds on the margin of 

 congenitally abbreviated wings. A second supernumerary wing arises 

 about half a millimetre below the first, still on the meso-thorax. It is 

 too defective and crumpled to admit of any certain resolution of its 

 structure, but it presents several folds of wing-structure, that would, if 

 they could be straightened out, probably show it to be as long as the 

 other supernumerary. It is clothed with small red scales. — T. A. 

 Chapman, M.D., F.E.S., Elmscroft, Redhill. 



