THE VARIATION OF HEMEROPHILA AnUUPTAUIA. 173 



aDotlicr second, brood, consisting of 12 specimens, bred by Mr. Southey, 

 in August, 181JG, arc almost up to normal size (averaging about one- 

 eighth of an inch less). They are also quite up to the normal in 

 colom*. 



The purple tinge referred to as being present in some specimens of 

 ah. JUMcata, is very general in l)red specimens of the ty})ical form, in the 

 various specimens Inx-d both by .Mr. Pearce and Mr. Southey. It is 

 found eijually on specimens of l)oth sexes. 



The coloration in tlie males, of what might be called the normal 

 tyi)e, extends over a considerable range. (!) There is a bright pale 

 form inclining to orange-ochreous, with a minimum of dark markings. 

 (2) The normal l)r()wnisli or greyish-ochreous form. (3) Similar to 

 the latter, but dull and altogether wanting in the usual gloss. (4) The 

 normal ground colour suffused with fuscous. (o) Bright brownish- 

 ochreous, tending to the coloration of ab. bnuincata. In the females, 

 too, of the typical form, some are distinctly j)aler or whiter, others 

 more ochreous. 



One s])ecimen, distinctly female in the characters of all four wings, 

 has the left antenna male and the right female. The body, which is 

 twisted somewhat, also looks as if female in essential characters, l)ut 

 it would be well to know whether the genital organs show any modifi- 

 cation or are eutii'cly male or female in character. 



Tephrosla bistortata and T. crepuscularia in the Northern 

 Counties of England. 



T. ocjiusculavia occurs in a wood situate some six miles north-cast 

 of York, on peaty soil, lying on the soft Triassic sandstone. The 

 principal trees to be found in this wood are birch, beech and pine, 

 with a few oak, alder and sallow. T. crejni'icnlaria (biiiii(lulaiia) is to 

 1)0 found here in great numbers. I first saw it on May 12th, 1892, 

 and between that date and May l-lth, 1S9G, I visited this .wood on 58 

 diiferent occasions, and during those visits I captured 867 7". crepmcii- 

 latia and 228 of the ab. dclamercnabi. In 1892 I obtained 111 T. cre- 

 juiscnlaria, sexes not determined; in 1K98, 98 specimens, 41 males, 

 18 females, and 89 not specilied ; in 1H91, 71 (57 myself and 14 Mr. 

 E. G. Potter), 42 males, 26 females, and 8 not specified ; in 1895, 

 30 specimens, 25 males, 10 females, and 1 not specified ; in 1896, 

 65 specimens, 40 males, and 25 females. In 1892 I obtained 40 ab. 

 fMrt»«'rrH.sj.s, sex not specified ; in 1898, 46, 28 males, 15 females, 8 

 not specified ; in 1894, 49 (44 myself, 5 Mr. Potter), 28 males, 

 17 females, 4 not specified; in 1895, 25, 14 males, 10 females, 1 not 

 specified; in 1896, 67, 56 males, 11 females. In 1892 I captured the 

 first specimen on May 12th, the last on June 18th ; in 1898, first .seen 

 on April 10th, last on May 81st ; in 1894, first .seen on April 4th, 

 last on May 22nd ; in 1H95, first seen on April 20th, last on June 7th ; 

 in 1896, first seen on April 19th, last on May 1 ith. It will be thus 

 seen that the earliest record I have is April 4tb, 1894, the latest 

 June 18th, 1892. These dates for 1898 to 1H9(; may bo taken as 

 approximately the earliest and latest for this locality, as 1 visited the 

 wood on several occasions, both before and after these dates. In 1H92 

 thoy, no doul)t, occ(u-red earlier, but then this was iny first visit to the 



