LARVAE OF T. CISTOUTATA AND T. CREPUSCULARIA. 179 



tends to support Dr. Riding's coutcutiou that there is uo stable 

 charaetcr diirercutiatiug the hirvie of tlic two species. I would remark, 

 however, tliat it' T. cr^qxiscalarla be a new or iueipieut species, tliat 

 has receutly diverged Iroui the T. bidurtata stock, as Dr. Kidiuj^ aud 

 Mr. Tutt })oiut out, a couclusioii with which I entirely aj^ree aud 

 at which 1 arrived iudepeiideiitly ou a consideration of the larval 

 characters hist year, we need not be greatly surprised if a few larvio in 

 a brood occasionally show reversionary teudeucies. 



J^RACTICAL HINTS. 



Field Work for July and August. 



By J. W. TUTT, F.E.S. 



1. — The imago oi Nndaria senex flies most freely just before dark, 

 especially if there be a slight mist. It occurs in July and August. 



2. — In late July aud August, the imagines of Tripkaena interjeda 

 may be found flying over bramble blossom in the late afternoon 

 (4-0 p.m.). 



3. — In August, the larva of Oharidea ambra (Hellothis mar- 

 (jinuta) is sometunes abundant on Ononis. 



4. — Tim hn'ViM oi Dianihoecid i,rre(jHl(tn's may be swept in July 

 from Silcnc otltca. Later, in August, the full-fed larvie are best obtained 

 by scratching away, Avith the fingers, the earth near the roots of the 

 food-plant, as here the larvie lie hidden during the day. 



5. — In early and middle August, the seed-capsules of Sikne 

 maritima, in the I. of Man, Ireland and the west coast of Britain, should 

 be shaken and collected for larvaj of Bianthotcia capsophila aud 

 D. caesia. 



6. — Ou the coasts of Devon aud Cornwall, tiie capsules of S'dcne 

 injlaia aud iS. maritlma should be collected in August, for larvic of 

 the dark aberrations of Dia)itlioecla co)ispersa. 



7. — During July, search carefully the reed-beds, after dark, with a 

 lantern. Large numbers of Calam'ut i)hra(jniltldi>i may Ije found 

 sitting on the reeds, hi copald, from 10 p.m. -11 p.m. 



8. — The flowers of Mi-lnmpuram pratense should be collected in 

 July aud August, for larvie o^ Eupitkccia liliDnbeoUda. 



9. — In July aud August, the flowers of fo.xglove {Dijitalis 

 purpurea) should be collected for Euplthecia pulchdlata. 



10. — In July aud August, collect seeds of Linarla vulgaris for 

 larvaj of Enpitkecia linariata. 



11. — In July, collect seed-heads of Silent inflata for larviu of 

 Eupithrcia venosata. 



12. — The full-fed larva of Eupithecia lariciata may jjc beaten 

 from larch aud si)ruce-fir during July. It pujjates in an earthen cocoon. 



13. — The hirva of Eupithecia valerianata, (viininafa) feeds on 

 flowers and seeds of Valeriana njlirina/is, usually growing in damj) 

 woods and osier beds. It is full-fed from the middle of July until the 

 eud of August. 



14. — In August, the llower-lnids of Clematis vitalba, showing a 

 little l)lack sjjot, should be collected aud placed in a flower-jjot, with 

 earth at the bottom. In this way an abundance of Eiipilhecia isu- 

 <jraniiuata may be bred. 



