HUMAN IXTESTIXAL PARASITES OF MOrAMBlQUE. 307 



The urines from those two patients in whose dejections ova 

 of Schistosoma haemalohiuni were found also contained ova. On 

 the contrary I failed to trace them in new samples of faeces from 

 one of the same patients, which is very probable evidence that 

 they belong exclusively to the urines. In the second sample 

 of faeces from the other patient, I continued to find the ova of 

 Schistosoma haematobium, which probably indicates that it was 

 ideally a case of mixed bilharziasis, vesical and intestinal, or 

 there is the possibility of the dejections once more becoming 

 mixed with urine, due to lack of interest in complying with the 

 scientific needs of the laboratory, both on the part of the native 

 patient, which is not surprising, or equally on the part of the 

 staff of the hospital wards, which is greatly to be lamented. 



(c) Bearing in mind that it is miich easier to find the ova 

 of parasites in the faeces after centrifugalisation or enrichment 

 by other means, than by direct observation, which must be more 

 delayed and repeated, I lately have started making all the 

 examinations of faeces after centrifugalisation by the Teleixiann- 

 Langeron process. In the absence of metal screens with appro- 

 priate meshes, I sieve the dejections, emulsified in physiological 

 serum, across four layers of ordinary surgical gauze. Notwith- 

 standing this deficiency of material, which will soon be remedied, 

 the advantages of the method of enrichment become evident in 

 a most striking manner on noting the results of 141 examinations 

 of dejections made simultaneously by direct microscopical 

 examination and after being submitted to Telemann-Langeron 

 centrifugalisation, though executed in a crude way. 



Direct With 



examination, centrifugalisation. 



Schi.'itoso)iia Jiat'matobiu.Di 



Schistosoma mansoni 



Ova of Ancylostoma ". 



Ova of Ascaris 



Ova of Trichocephalus 



Miracidiuni of Schistoso))ia mioisoni 



Rhabditiform Larvae 



E)itamoeba JiistoJi/tica 



The fact of having resolved systematically to centrifugalise 

 the dejections to be examined, has not caused me, of course, to 

 depart from making at the same time direct examinations, which 

 alone can supply me with the diagnosis of entamoebae, larvae, 

 intestinal ciliates and flagellates, presence of blood and pus 

 globules, condition of digestion of foodstuffs, etc., as one may 

 conclude from the final part of the present table. 



I am well aware that by sufficient repeated microscopical 

 observations one should eventually succeed in seeing what is 

 possible with centrifugalisation, which also takes time and 

 necessitates reagents. AYhile direct microscopical observations, 

 in the absence of parasitologists, have to be performed bj^ a 

 qualified medical man, the centrifugalisation can be performed 

 bv native assistants. 



