376 HOTTENTOT PLACE NAMES. 



(Gamkti is from Hot. xami, a lion, lab, a river; Tiaka is from 

 Hot. tarns, a woman, lab, a river); " de Kauka of Buffels 

 Kivier," a small branch of the Traka, has been previously referred 

 to. We read also of " de Kariga, ook de Buffels rivier genaamt" 

 — here the Hottentot and the Dutch names are concurrent; the 

 Hottentot name has, however, won through — this is a. river of 

 the Aberdeen district, C.P. The Hottentot name appears to be 

 derived from the word laris, the Steenbok — Rapliicerus 

 canipestris — and the adjectival termination expressing abundance, 

 xa. There is a branch of the Sundays river known as the Vogel 

 Rivier, having its rise in the Tandjesberg, Graaff Eeinet district, 

 C.P. It is spoken of by Plettenberg as " de Canniga of Vogel 

 Rivier "; the Dutch name translating the Hottentot. Wreede in 

 his " Hottentotse Woordelijst " (Molsbergen, " Reizen in Zuid- 

 Afrika," I, p. 222) gives the Hottentot word K'anncqua as 

 meaning " gevogelte," Lat. volucres ; Kolbe gives it thus: Hot. 

 Kanniqua, D. het Gevlengelde, L. volucres; while Valentijn gives 

 us " Kaoniqaa, Vogels, in 't gemeen "; the Namaqua, as given 

 by Kronlein, is anixa, abounding in birds. Pearston, Somerset 

 East district, is on the banks of this river. 



In my former paper (S.A. Journal of Science, XVII, p. 338, 

 1920) I mentioned the river of the George district, C.P., now 

 named on the maps " the Trchkentouiv River," and gave no 

 less than fourteen different spellings of this name gathered from 

 various authors. Plettenberg 's " Dagverhaal " furnishes us with 

 yet another; he gives it in the form " Traka de Tkou or Vrouive 

 iveg." It would thus appear that my suggestion there as to 

 the derivation of the name is confirmed: Hot. faras, a woman, 

 lab, a* river, and claob, a way or path. Later in the 

 "Dagverhaal" we have mentioned: " De Plaats van den oud 

 Heemraad Jacobus Steijn, genaamt de Tradauir." Here we liave 

 the two Hottentot words, farafi, a woman; daob, a poort, moun- 

 tain pass; cf. also Traka and Tarka — Hot. taras a wiMuan ; and 

 lab, a river. 



Our present Goiipli, the name ai)plied to the fertile Karoo 

 district under the Nieuweveld range, C.P., is another place name 

 that has assumed a variety of forms, as Coup, Clioup, Koub, 

 Ka^lp ; Plettenberg gives it us in the form Caups (Hot. goii, to 

 be fat; jhoub, the fat of the stomach). Then we have two other 

 Hottentot names of rivers in the Kn\'sna district, C.P., " de 

 Noiinka of Siravfc Rivier" (Hot. Inn, black; lab, a river), a 

 small river forming the western boimdary of the district; and "de 

 Tsno of Witte Rivier " (Hot. tsaoJ), ashes), which I have been 

 unable to identify. 



Alexandek, 1838. 



Starting from Capetown also, Alexander's Expedition was 

 in a direction quite different from those of Beutler and Pletten- 

 berg; he made liis way up the western side of the sub-continent, 

 through Little Namaqualand and Great Namaqualand as far as 

 Walvis Baai, and thence into the country of the Damaras, or 



