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rance as the others, whieh do not move. When lookecl closely at- 

 they do not have any internai « organs ». They must be Monas Lens 

 as MuIIer calls it in Vcrmium terrestrium et fluviatilium Historial, i 

 et 2, 1774, and his Animalcula Infosia fluviatilia e marina, 178Ó, They 

 seen to be ovoid in shape. As they are watched they assume a more 

 ovoid shape and become more li vely, without haveing a cillium. I 

 looked inKutzing's Bacillarien, 1844 and I found Synedra quadrati- 

 gula that looked very like the thing I had under the microscope. 

 In fact it was the same. So this is Synedra quadrangula, F. T. K. 

 1844, Bac. pag. 63, Taf. 3, XXIII. Kutzing got his specimens from 

 the Norwegian coast, in brackish water 1 suppose. But mine was 

 from fresh water. But that does not matter. The Bacillaria grow in 

 damp situations fresh, brackish or salt or very salt water. They live 

 and produce in water of 120 '/, of as is shown in my paper Un the 

 occurrence of living forms in the hot waters of California, The Ame- 

 rican Journal of Science and Arts (Silliman's Journal; March, 180^, 

 Voi. XLV, pag. 239, There is Synedra? minutissima, F. T. K. 1844, 

 Bac, pag. 63, Taf. 3, fig. XXX, and this is shown without medion 

 line like my specimens which 1 found in the green scum and Sy- 

 nedra perpussila, F. T. K. 1844, Bac. pag. 63, Taf. 3, fig. XXII, and 

 this is mentioned in the text of the Bacillarien in the descriptions of 

 the plates as Navicula bìasolettiana, pag. 141, It is a Navicuìa and 

 not a Synedra. He also mentions Synedra pusilla, F. T. K. 1844, 

 Bac, pag. 63, Taf. 3, fig. XXIX, 1 would class these quadranula, mi- 

 nutissima, perpusilla, biasolettiana, and pusilla in Navicula quadrati- 

 gula, F. T. K. 



The Naviculv quadrangula is protoplasm along with shells (lo- 

 rical) of clay.- It is common in the moraine in my yard 333 Belle- 

 ville Avenue at Newark, New Jersey, U. S. which is fresh water, 

 or at least it gets fresh water from the clouds when it rains. 



This is the origin of Bacillaria. They appear as particles of clay (?) 

 and then are Monas lens, C. A. A. They grow as Navicula quadran- 

 gula, without a median line. They then develop a medran line, and 

 are then true Navicula quadrangula, F. T. K. 



1 think this is one of they ways that Bacillaria appear, by archebio- 

 sis. Since writing the above I have found in the material which was 

 taken out when cleaning the stream that runs through the valley in 



