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the Lower Silurian Age. 1 bave not seen them in the Carboniferous, 

 nor in the Devonian, peihaps because I bave not myself examined 

 the rocks, but I shall find them I am convinccd. Tbey bave been 

 useing for roads and filling at Lyon's Farms, N. J, stuff that carne 

 from Jutland, N. J. which is ncar Eastern, Pa. as I am informed, 

 on the rail road. The stuff is shale along with slate mixed witb it. 

 The shale is yellowisb or reddish and breaks down when exposcd 

 to the air readily. The slate is blue-black in color. The shale pas- 

 ses into a day of a yellowisb color. Sometimes there are spots in 

 it of a white color or day. 



l bave examined this day and was deligbted to find in it some 

 Bacillaria. They were fresh water ones. Sbovving that the stratum 

 at this place was a meadow or damp land, not sea at ali, just like 

 the meadow existing, fiat, I tbink it was low and level. No mol- 

 lusca or other fossils bave heen seen. The day was Consolidated 

 by dissolving the silicic acid by the water present. The silicio acid 

 was present in the colloid condition, not cryslalline. The sand was 

 crystalline and thercfore not soluble in water, acids or ammonia. 

 The Bacillaria idcntitied I givc below. And it must be remembered 

 that tbey are identical witb the Bacillaria of the present age now 

 growing in pieces of water in meadows. Not evolved at ali. It is 

 wdl to remember that and that evolution has not effected the Bacil- 

 laria. The Bacillaria are present as a scarce comidty for sand which 

 cannot be removed without removing the Bacillaria also are present 

 likewise. The shells or loricae, as they are called, are present mostly 

 evolved in white day: Let it not appear strange that Prof. II. E. 

 GoEBEL has pointed out- that Mosses are not descendents but the 

 actual tbings themselves in the Pre-Cambrian rocks and in the pre- 

 sent. He says in bis article on Muscineae in Voi. XVII of the En- 

 cyclopoedia britanica, cjtb Edition, page 65 that .> the duration of 

 life reacbes in small forms (Ephemerum, Phascum, etc.) only a few 

 weeks or montbs, in most cases bowever, it is usually unlimited, 

 since the vegetative body continues to grow at its point while the 

 other parts below are dieing ». V/by may not other tbings, the Ba- 

 cillaria for instance be present themselves. And why not animals, 

 the mollusca and sponges also.? It must be remembered that these 

 were found in searching over about a dozen slides of the material. 



