1^9 



a third of a per cent. Mixcd with tliis is a small quantity of ferric 

 and aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide, in the shape of quartz 

 and water of crystalization. 



This mari was under a dark peat of at least six inches thick. 

 This peat contains the rcmains of recent Bacillaria. But the mari 

 has been traced six feet. For a rod of that length has been pushed 

 into it whithoLit striking the bottoni rock, which is limestone at this 

 point. In fact the drinking water at this place is rather «hard », that 

 is to say contains calcium carbonate known as carbonate of lime. 

 In fact the limestone makes the norlh western shore of the lake 

 (Cedar Lake) and the slate is exposed along the south eastern. At 

 the north and south of the lake the rocks are covered by the soil 

 and glacial moraine. There is rather more glacial moraine on the 

 southern end of the lake than it seems on the northeastern end. 

 Showing also that the ice in the glacial period came down from 

 the northeast. 



I examined the limestone ali around Blairstown for Bacillarian 

 deposita but, as I expected, did not find them for you may have li- 

 mestone, that is to say calcium carbonate, deposited as a rule but 

 not siliceous deposit which is Bacillarian deposit laid down at the 

 same time. For when the silica is deposited along with the calcium 

 carbonate the silica is left and carbonic acid, as it is called, escapes 

 as a gas. But I did find silica common in the form of sponges, at 

 least that is what I judge it to be. Theywere large and grey, al- 

 most black in color. I do not know whether sponges have been 

 found in this magnesian limestone as yet but they were present 

 there at ali events. 



In the slate, which is very good at Cedar Lake, I did not find 

 any Bacillaria either, but was told of iron sulphide in the form of 

 pyrites being seen. In the valley near by the day was Bacillarious 

 as I expected, but not thick. 



In the bed of Vancampens Creck, some miles above Blairstown, 

 on the borders of Pennsylvania, in the mountains, was a very pretty 

 exhibition of kettle holes some of them more than a foot across and 

 over two feet deep in the rock. And Vancampens Creek empties 

 into the Deleware Ri ver by the west showing that the ice flowed 

 that way that is to say the west. This is also shown by the Pau- 



