Place of publication.— Give city of publication. If the pub- 

 lisher has both an American and a foreign address, give 

 both. The place of publication is useful in citations of 

 little-known periodicals or of foreign publications (see 

 Van Oosten (1932a) in citations, p. 16). 



LISTING THE CITATIONS 



The method of listing citations varies with the format 

 of the series and the audience for which the paper is in- 

 tended. In a technical Service publication, the references 

 are usually listed formally near the end of the paper. In 

 an exhaustive monograph, the listing of references at the 

 end of chapters may be desirable. In less-technical papers, 

 the references may be listed at the end of the sections to 

 which they relate. In special bibliographies, the subject is 

 often of more importance to the reader than the name of 

 the author, so listing may be by title of the paper. Fishery 

 Leaflet 448, dated April 1958, and Wildlife Leaflet 400, 

 dated July I960, illustrate bibliographies arranged by 

 subject and by title of paper. 



If you list only the references mentioned in text, head 

 the list "Literature Cited." If you list additional reference 

 material, use the heading, "Bibliography" or "References." 

 It is understood that all references listed in Literature 

 Cited have been consulted by you during your research, 

 and that each reference has a valid reason for being in- 

 cluded in your list of citations. 



Listing a citation generally implies availability; conse- 

 quently, you will include a thesis if it is available to your 

 readers. In rare instances when you have reason to ques- 

 tion availability of a publication, quote fron\ the paper and 

 cite it in a text footnote near the point of reference. Few 

 publications are unavailable to the enterprising scholar. 



In the author-date type of reference the names of 

 authors are arranged alphabetically. If two or more works 

 of an author are cited, they are listed chronologically 

 under his name. 



Should you cite naore than one work of an author pub- 

 lished in the same year, add an a, b, or c to the year as 

 needed to distinguish the publications (as in Van Oosten, 

 p. 16). Entries of joint authors follow those of the senior 

 author alone and are arranged alphabetically through the 

 junior authors' surnanaes. Write out the senior author's 

 name each tinne it is repeated. This practice is more use- 

 ful to the reader than is the use of dashes to indicate the 

 repeated name and it improves the format. 



