Volcanic Necks at Anderson's Inlet. 151) 



below high-water mark, and in tho cliff, where it forms a distinct 

 swelling in the coast-line. Below high-water mark it can be seen 

 fairly well in some places, though the greater portion within tidal 

 influence is covered with sand and mud. It disappears beneath 

 the northern channel of Anderson's Inlet with a breadth of some 

 six chains, and probably continues in a south-south-easterly 

 direction for several chains more. Neither its eastern nor its 

 western margin can be seen, owing to mud and sand, but the 

 occurrence of basalt and agglomerate three chains to the east of 

 the visible margin probably proves that it extends easterly for that 

 distance. 



Jurassic sandstones, however, which outcrop close to this spot, 

 clearly limit its further extension in that direction. On the 

 western side no rock is visible among the mangrove-covered mud 

 and the sand of the channel west of a southerly line along the 

 visible western margin. 



In the cliffs the eastern and western margins are both marked 

 by small gullies. On the opposite side of each of these gullies 

 the grey soil from the Jurassics affords a clear distinction from 

 the black soil of the volcanics. 



The form of this neck as seen is, therefore, roughly that of a 

 truncated ellipse. By far the greater visible portion of it con- 

 sists of agglomerate, the main mass of which is composed of coarser 

 fragments than that of Neck 1. It contains fair-sized lumps of 

 hard dense fine-grained, highly-spheroidal basalt, with patches of 

 green olivine. In the cliff the agglomerate can be seen in un- 

 decomposed blocks constituting a very hard rock. On the beach, 

 where, subject to the action of salt water, it is, as a rule, quite 

 decomposed, when the contained fragments can be easily separated 

 from the matrix. Some of the agglomerate, again, is an intimate 

 mixture of dark dense basalt in small fragments, calcite, and an 

 amorphous or crypto-crystalline, pasty-looking material. It 

 weathers with a brown surface, on which the fragments of 

 basalt show as dark blotches. 



There are several kinds of basalt distributed through the mass. 

 One found near the foot of the cliff is a very dense dark basalt of 

 medium texture and high specific gravity. It contains a good 

 deal of calcite, which occurs in amygdules, as films along joint 

 planes, and in patches merging into the l)asalt. It decomposes 



