168 Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. 



in some cases the beds are almost vertical. The line of these dips 

 follows very closely the present escarpment of the Powlett Valley, 

 and it is interesting to note that on receding into the hills the 

 dips rapidly become less, and in a few chains become normal. 

 The same may be said of such of the dips as have been obtained 

 further out on the flats. This seems to point conclusively 

 towards a great earth movement or movements, and a general 

 dislocation of the area to the south. 



Additional evidence will probably be obtained in the Ruby 

 district tending to further support the theory of great faulting of 

 this region, but as, up to the present, nothing really definite has 

 been obtained by me, that matter will not be further discussed in 

 this paper. In the district to the north-east, Mr. Jas. H. Wright^ 

 has proved faulting to a great extent. 



Faults associated with Volcanic Necks. 



The question of faults associated with the intense volcanic 

 action of the time when these necks were formed is one of 

 importance. Unfortunately, owing to the very limited area which 

 is occupied by rocks bared sufficiently to admit of the examina- 

 tion of their physical characters, there are no data on which to 

 found any definite conclusions as to the influence of the volcanic 

 intrusions upon the invaded strata. The limited area around 

 Neck 1 is the only one where there is any opportunity of deter- 

 mining faults. Even there the rock masses, which are chiefly 

 thick-bedded sandstones with no distinguishing features, and the 

 overlying mud and sea-weed preclude definite evidence from being 

 obtained, except in the case of two or tliree most pronounced 

 ones. Near the foot of the clifis, however, at Townsend Bluff 

 there are two or three beds of carbonaceous shale, impure coal, 

 and bluish-grey raudstones. These afford some assistance in 

 reading the nature of the faults. 



There appears to be sufficient to regard the existence of three 

 series of faults, two directly connected with the intrusion of the 

 neck, and the third possibly so. The first two series may be 

 divided into those having a general westerly bearing ; and those 



1 Note on the Geolojrical Features of an Area in South Gippsland. Prog. Rep. Geol. 

 Sur. Vic, No. viii. 



