Table 2.- 



-Characters used to distinguish eggs and newly hatched larvae of the Pacific mackerel, 

 jack mackerel, and hake (table 2 of Kramer, 1960) 



^Ahlstrom and Counts (1955) 



The same noted in hake eggs. 



'Fry (1936a). 



In studies of vertical distributions Ahlstrom 

 (1959b, table 8) showed, on the basis of col- 

 lections at one station, that Pacific mackerel 

 eggs may be distributed from the surface to as 

 deep as 176 mi. Most eggs in that series were 

 taken between the surface and about 23 m. 

 deep; abundance fell off sharply below that 

 level. 



3.2 Preadult phase 



3.21 Embryonic phase. See 3.17 

 above. 



3.22 Larvae phase. 



Data on yolk-sac larvae are included in the 

 same table as those on the embryonic phase 

 (see 3.17 above) because the hatching stage 

 closely resembles the latest embryonic stage. 

 Kramer (1960) described the larvae (figs. 

 4, 5 and 6) in series from yolk-sac stage 



through 16.5 mm. and added further data on 

 other specimens 18.9, 26.4, 30.0, and 66.6 mm. 

 long. Detailed descriptions were given on 

 changes in pigmentation, changes in body 

 form, and sequences of ossification of various 

 bony systems. Subsequent to the yolk-sac stage 

 pigmentation increases in large, circular spots 

 on top of the head, in two elongated patches on 

 the dorsal surface of the body, in a vertical 

 line on the base of the tail, in a line on the 

 posterior part of the lateral line, in ventral 

 area from the anus to the tail, and in two or 

 three spots on the ventral surface of the gut. 

 This pigmentation disappears in late -stage 

 larvae. 



Size on size regressions of body parts on 

 standard length were expressed as straight 

 line relations (fitted by least squares). Rates 

 of increase are constant in relation to stand- 

 ard length for the head length, distance from 

 snout to anus, and distances fronn snout to first 



