case was the identification of a feathei- which 

 proved to be tliat of a mallard duck, struck by an 

 Electra at 4:15 p.m., July 0, 1902, cruising at a 

 speed of 345 knots near Elko, Nev., at 21,000 feet. 

 A second case involved the whistling swan that 

 caused the crash of a Viscount airliner late in 1962. 

 About 30 species of birds, including game birds, 

 songbirds, and birds of prey, have been involved in 

 strikes with flying aircraft. 



New Cooperative Wildlife Research Units. — 

 In 1962 two new Units were activated and another 

 was authorized for a total of 18, the highest at any 

 time in the 27-year histoi-y of these training and 

 research cooperatives. The two Units manned 

 during the year were New York, Cornell Uni- 

 versity, Ithaca, Dr. Daniel Q. Thompson, Leader; 

 and Louisiana, Louisiana State University, Baton 

 Rouge, John D. Newsom, Leader. The South Da- 

 kota I^nit will be at South Dakota State College, 

 Brookings. 



New Leaders were appointed at two of the older 

 Units during the year. Dr. David R. Klein, form- 

 erly Federal Aid Coordinator, Alaska, now heads 

 this Unit, and Dr. James S. Lindzey, formerly 

 Leader of the Virginia TTnit and more recently 

 Chief, Section of Upland Ecology at Patuxent, 

 became Leader of the Pennsylvania Unit in 

 September 1962. 



A major objective of one Bureau activity is training 

 of qualified graduate students for careers in natural- 

 resource management, made possible through coopera- 

 tion with the Wildlife Management Institute and Land 

 Grant colleges and Game and Fish departments of par- 

 ticipating States. There are now 18 Cooperative Wild- 

 life Research units, the largest number in the 27-year 

 history of the program. ( Photo by the New York 

 Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit) 



Cooperative Units conduct 240 projects. — The 

 16 Cooperative Wildlife Research Units active 

 during the full year in 1962 worked on a total of 

 240 projects. Studies were conducted on 18 species 

 of game mammals, 15 species of game birds, 8 spe- 

 cies of waterfowl, 10 fur anitnals, 8 other mam- 

 mals, and 8 other birds. In addition, there were 

 9 projects on diseases and parasites, 53 on habitat 

 analysis, 12 on pesticides and related activities, 13 

 on techniques, and 52 miscellaneous investigations. 

 This research resulted in the publication of a total 

 of 113 bulletins, papers, scientific notes, and other 

 releases. 



In the six Units where there are both wildlife 

 and fishery studies, 45 fishery projects were con- 

 ducted during 1962, the program involving 22 spe- 

 cies of fishes, several limnological and water- 

 quality studies, and a number of miscellaneous in- 

 quiries. The fisheries research findings accruing 

 from this work were reported in 19 publications. 



Financial support for the research progi'ams 

 manned by the 16 Units during 1962 was obtained 

 from a total of 46 sources other than the Bureau 

 of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife. 



Bureau aids in esta.hJishmenf of neio titnber 

 crops. — A major forest-wildlife problem in the 

 Northwest, and elsewhere, is the destruction of 

 tree seeds and seedlings by various species of wild- 

 life. Seed eating by rodents and seedling loss due 

 to clipping, browsing, and gnawing by hares, por- 

 cupines, big game, and several genera of mice, may 

 delay the reestablishment of forest stands on cut- 

 and burned-over lands for decades. The annual 

 loss from this source is large and occurs on both 

 private and public forest lands. The problem as 

 a whole has long been serious enough to justifj' 

 continuing studies by the Bureau in search of se- 

 lective and efl'ective control methods. 



A notable achievement to this end, developed by 

 the Denver Wildlife Research Center, is the coat- 

 ing of Douglas-fir seeds with an endrin-arasan 

 formulation to reduce losses by white-footed mice. 

 Commercial foresters, using aircraft, now employ 

 tins technique as an effective and economical prac- 

 tice in reseeding Douglas-fir, the most important 

 t ree species in the Northwest. 



Of considerable promise is the continuing search 

 for systematic repellents, selective toxic agents, 

 and chemosterilants. One material now under test 

 has shown a repellency index much greater than 

 that of previously tested compounds. Another ap- 

 pears to have a differential of several hundredfold 



8 



