Siiliiioii li;i(l iippi'iirt'd hcl'orc llu' 

 estaltlishiiu'iit of (lie lialcluTV in 

 is;)'.». In ID.M. I.", oftlu'si' i-ctnrninii- 

 iulults wt'iv marked, loaded into a 

 tank trnrk. and released IS miles 

 farther np the Columltia Kivei'. Of 

 these. H\t' I'etnrned downstream, 

 past tlu> mouth of the Bi<j;- AVhite 

 Salmon River (wliore thousands of 

 sahnon spawn) to tlie fish huhler at 

 the liatelierv. and ascended a<2;ain 

 to the liatehery spawning ponds. 

 Othei-s were caught in tlie fishery, 

 and a few were taken elsewhere. 

 AUhough the resnhs of this experi- 

 ment aie not conchisive, tliey indi- 

 cate that salmon do retnrn to their 

 own ])articnhu' streams whenever 

 possible. Eich (1939) states: 



The evidence also shows clearly that the 

 Pacific salnioii return from their life in 

 the sea predoruinatel.v to their home 

 streams tlms justifying acceptance of 

 what is known as the "home stream 

 tlieory."' 



In recent years a nunil)er of 

 studies of the ocean movements of 

 salmon, particnlarly chinook and 

 silver, have been reported (Van 

 Hyning 1951, Kanffman 1951, Neave 

 1951, Fry and Hughes 1951.) 

 These studies indicate tlie extensive 

 coastwise movements of some of the 

 salmon species. British Columbia 

 investigators (Pritchard 1931, 

 Mottley 1929) found that Avhen 

 young chinook salmon leave their 

 natal streams along the coasts of 

 Washington, Oregon, and Cali- 

 fornia, and particularly the Colum- 

 bia River, they disperse northwest- 

 erly along the United States and 

 British Columbia coasts. Some ap- 

 p arently go south w a rd . It h a s been 

 shown that many of the adult Pa- 

 cific salmon that have been captured 



in the ocean, tagged and released, 

 then travel hundreds of miles in the 

 ocean bi'foi-e entei-ing streams to 

 spawn. Adult chinook salmon wei'e 

 tagged in 19-2,S by the iiurean of 

 Fisheries (now the Fish and Wild- 

 life Service) off l^aranof Island, 

 Alaska. Of the i'eco\-eries (lO ])er- 

 cent were taken in the Columl)ia 

 River, indicating the great distance 

 traveled by these salmon. 



It may be concluded that young 

 salmon of some S})ecies do migrate 

 great distances in the ocean and 

 upon reaching maturity almost in- 

 variably return to their home stream 

 to spawn. 



The impulses or guides that direct 

 the fish from the ocean to the natal 

 stream and to the proper tributary 

 of that stream are unknown. When 

 tlie young salmon enters the ocean, 

 the search for food causes him to 

 ti-avel many hundreds of miles and 

 often go great distances from his 

 home stream. At maturity, when he 

 is 1 year to more than 3 years old, he 

 starts for his particular stream, pro- 

 ceeding rapidly and in a direct 

 route. This is indicated by the in- 

 vestigations of Pritchard (1934), 

 Mottley (1929), Rich (1939), and 

 others. The salmon, hinidreds of 

 miles from his native stream, ])os- 

 sibly depends upon currents, vary- 

 ing salinities of the ocean, geo- 

 gi-aphical features, or the sun or 

 moon to direct him. Perhaps when 

 tlie salmon feels or tastes or smells 

 the flow of his particular stream in 

 the ocean, he recognizes it by senses 

 more accurate than the finest ana- 

 lytical equipment man has devised. 

 The delicate perceptiveness of the 

 salmon not only enables him to enter 



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