11,675 pups regardless of sex, 714 males estimated 

 to be yearlings, and 1,495 males estimated to be 2 

 years old. 



Of the marked seals recovered, 3,946 had been 

 given tags or other marks as pups and 1,197 had 

 been tagged at age 1 or older. Tag loss apparently 

 is highest soon after lagging. The recovery rate 

 for pups tagged in September has been higher than 

 that for pups tagged in August. Pups marked by 

 removing parts of flippers apparently have a higher 

 survival rate than pups that have been given tags 

 and flipper marks. Two different methods of esti- 

 mating populations yielded similar values (400,000 

 and .350,000) for the number of pups born in 1965. 

 The pup population estimates decreased annually 

 since 1960 to less than 400.000 in 1965. Estimates 

 of the number of yearling males for several year 

 classes are 82,000 (1961), 79,000 (1962), 115,000 

 (1964), and 80,000 (1965). 



After the kill in 1966, the population .still included 

 25,000 3-year-old males from the 1963 year class 

 and 70,000 2-year-old males from the 1964 year class. 



The predicted kill of males in ages 2 to 5 was 

 49,000 for 1968 and is 56,000 for 1969. The actual 

 kill in 1968 was 44,162. The recovery rate of young 

 males tagged and recovered in 1968 was higher for 

 those marked in June than for those marked in July. 

 The recovery rate for seals tagged on hauling 

 grounds inaccessible to the kill was less than that 

 for seals tagged on accessible hauling grounds. One 

 often transmitters attached to seals emitted signals 

 for 9 days. Nearly all of 250 adult males killed from 

 rookeries were age 10 or older, but 58 percent of 

 100 adult males killed from hauling grounds were 

 less than 10 years. Researchers took 374 seals off 

 Washington and 456 in Alaska waters; 38 of these 

 seals had lags or other marks. About 50 percent of 

 the female seals taken were from 1 to 7 years old. 

 The principal fishes eaten by fur seals off Washing- 

 ton were salmon, Oticorhy fichus spp.; anchovy, 

 Engraitlis mordax; rockfish, Sebantodes spp.; 

 eulachon, Thalciihthijs paciticuK; and capelin, 

 Mallotiis villofins. The principal foods consumed in 

 Alaska waters were walleye pollock, Thviutira cliiil- 

 cogrammns; squids. Cephalopoda; and .Atka mack- 

 erel, Pleiirograiiniiiis ixoiiopterin/iiia. 



tributaries) and in a few areas in the middle water- 

 shed, (3) sockeye salmon — in lakes and tributaries 

 of lakes (in the middle portion of the watershed), 

 and (4) chum salmon — in lower portions of tribu- 

 taries that enter the Columbia River below the 

 Dalles Dam. All four species have lost many spawn- 

 ing areas because of water-use developments and 

 changes in the watershed resulting from logging, 

 highway construction, agricultural cultivation, 

 placer mining, and dumping of wastes. Serious 

 depletion of the runs of all four species is evident 

 from the available data (the commercial catches 

 before 1938 and since 1938 augmented by informa- 

 tion on escapement and sport catch). 



The future prospects are fair for steelhead trout, 

 good for coho salmon, and poor for sockeye and 

 chum salmon. 



619. Published in 1971. 



620. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot 

 Study. Part IX: The Sea-Level Wind Field 

 and Wind Stress Values, July 1963 to June 

 1965. By Gunter R. Seckel. June 1970, iii + 

 66 pp., 5 figs., 2 app. tables. 

 ABSTRACT 

 Wind observations and derived wind stresses are 

 summarized in 5° square units of the area lat. 0° to 

 .35° N., long. 130° to 170° W., for each month. The 

 results complement time-sequence oceanographic 

 observations of the Trade Wind Zone Oceanography 

 Pilot .Study in the area lat. 10° to 26° N., long. 

 148° to 157° W., February 1964 to June 1965. The 

 sources and processing of wind observations, and 

 the computations to obtain the zonal and meridional 

 components of the wind velocity, the square of the 

 wind speed, and the zonal and meridional compon- 

 ents of the wind stress are described. The results 

 are consistent with monthly wind stresses com- 

 puted from long-term mean winds over the North 

 Pacific. Despite inadequacies in the distribution 

 and quality of data, the wind and wind stress sum- 

 maries are adequate for interseason and inteo'ear 

 comparisons. 



618. Spawning Areas and Abundance of Steel- 

 head Trout and Coho, Sockeye, and Chum 

 Salmon in the Columbia River Basin-Past and 

 Present. By Leonard A. Fulton. December 

 1970, iii + 37 pp., 6 figs., 11 maps, 9 tables. 

 ABSTRACT 

 Past spawning areas (those removed from use 

 before 1969) and present ones (those in use in 1969) 

 are described for steelhead trout. S<il»io gaiidiicri; 

 coho salmon, Oucoihy)ichiis kisiitch; sockeye salmon, 

 O. iierka; and chum salmon, O. kela. The different 

 species characteristically spawn in the following 

 areas: (1) steelhead trout — in streams of all sizes 

 (widely dispersed throughout the wateished) (2) 

 coho salmon — in small streams (mostly in the lower 



621. Published in 1971. 



622. Published in 1971. 



623. Apparent Abundance, Distribution, and 

 Migrations of Albacore, Tluiinms alaluiiga, 

 on the North Pacific Longline Grounds. By 

 Brian J. Rothschild and Marian Y. Y. Yong. 

 September 1970, v + 37 pp., 19 figs., 5 tables. 



ABSTRACT 



This paper considers the dynamics of albacore, 



Tliitiniiis <il(ilitii(/a, on the Japanese North Pacific 



longline grounds. In addition to changes in apparent 



abundance and distribution, the modes of immigra- 



18 



