Family DISCOPHRYIDAE Collin, 1912. At 

 least 14 genera, of which but Corynophrya and 

 Thaumatophrya occur in marine environments 



Family EPHELOTIDAE Kent, 1880. Four 

 genera with marine species: Actinocyathtis, 

 Ephelota, Metephelota, and Podocrjathus. Bud- 

 ding exogenous, apical, and multiple. Free- 

 living and ectocommensal on hydroids. See Kahl 

 (1934b). 



Family OPHRYODENDRIDAE Stein, 1867. 

 Five genera with marine species: Collinophrya, 

 Dendrosomides, Ophryodendron, Rhabdophrya, 

 and Trophogemma. Free-living and ectocom- 

 mensal. Budding exogenous. See Jankowski 

 (1970). 



Family PHALACROCLEPTIDAE Kozloff, 

 1966. One species, Phalacrocleptes verrucifor- 

 mis, originally considered a member of the order 

 Thigmotrichida. Ectocommensal on the poly- 

 c\va.eie Schizohranchia. See Kozloff (1966). 



Family PODOPHRYIDAE Haekel, 1866. At 

 least five genera with marine species: Lecano- 

 phrya, Ophryocephalus, Paracineta, Parapodo- 

 phrya, and Podophrya. Free-living and ectocom- 

 mensal. Migratory stages formed by external 

 (exogenous) budding. Development of stalk 

 may vary within a genus. 



Silenella ovoidea Fenchel, 1965 (couplet 97) 

 may be a ciliated motile stage of an unidentified 

 suctorian. Described as ectocommensal on an 

 amphipod. See Fenchel (1965b). 



Order Apostomatida 



Family ASKOELLIDAE Jankowski, 1967. 

 Three genera: Askoella, Conidiophrys, and 

 Phthorophrya. Members of the genus Askoella 

 are commensal on barnacles and amphipods 

 (Fenchel, 1965b; Jankowski, 1967a) and accord- 

 ing to Jankowski represent neotenic tomites of 

 the order Apostomatida with a secondary cyto- 

 stome. Conidiophrys has been considered to be 

 a trichostome (Chatton and Lwoff, 1936). The 

 trophont bears no cilia and is attached to hairs 

 and papillae of appendages of amphipods and 

 isopods. According to Jankowski (1967b) the 

 ciliated stages resemble members of the order 

 Apostomatida but with a significantly different 

 life cycle. Consequently, Jankowski (1967b) 



placed this animal in a suborder by itself. Non- 

 ciliated adult stages of Conidiophrys are known 

 to occur on Corovhium, Gammams, and Ido- 

 thea. 



Family FOETTINGERIIDAE Chatton, 1911. 

 At least 14 genera represented in marine habi- 

 tats. Ciliates found in body fluids of copepods, 

 amphipods, crabs, hermit crabs, and sea anem- 

 ones. Life cycle complex, polymorphic, with 

 encysted stages. See Chatton and Lwoff ( 1935) . 



Family OPALINOPSIDAE Hartog, 1906. 

 Three genera: Chromidina, Cyrtocaryum, and 

 Opalinopsis; endocommensal in cephalopods, 

 coelenterates, ctenophores, and polychaetes. 

 Chromidina occurs in cephalopods. Sepia, Loligo, 

 and lUex. See Chatton and Lwoff (1935). Cyr- 

 tocanjum occurs in the lateral caeca of the di- 

 gestive tube of the polychaete Halosydna. The 

 life cycle includes a tomite with a group of five 

 to six fine, short ciliary rows once division allows 

 size to fall below 40 p-m. Tomites are liberated 

 into free seawater; they are asymmetrical, with 

 a long caudal cilium. See Faure-Fremiet and 

 Mugard (1949). 



Order Astomatida 



Family ANOPLOPHRYIDAE Cepede, 1910. 

 At least 12 genera, of which five have marine 

 representatives. Members of the genera Ano- 

 plophryopsis, Herpetophrya, Herpinella, and 

 Rhizocaryum occur in polychaetes including 

 Cirratiihis and Polydora. Members of the genus 

 Perseia occur in Phascolosoma. See Cepede 

 (1910), Kahl (1933), and Puytorac (1954). 



Family HAPTOPHRYIDAE Cepede, 1923. 

 About eight genera, of which Lachmannella and 

 Steinella have marine representatives in turbel- 

 larians. See Sikora (1963) and Corliss, Puy- 

 torac, and Lom (1965). 



Family HOPLITOPHRYIDAE Cheissin, 1830. 

 Includes over 30 genera (including those some- 

 times placed in the family INTOSHELLINIDAE 

 Cepede, 1910) , of which at least five have marine 

 species: Buetschliella, Durchoniella, Hovassiel- 

 la, Helella, and Spirobuetschliella. Marine mem- 

 bers of the family are endocommensal in the gut 

 of polychaetes, Ophelia, Cirratuhis, Polydora, 

 and Potamoceros. 



46 



