5. 



Scotia to Florida and Texas. Zones III, 



IV, VI. 

 Smilacma stellata (L.) Desf., False 

 Solomon's Seal 



Fig. 77. Southeastern Labrador to New 



Jersey. Zone VI. 

 Juncus canadensis J. Gay. Canadian 

 Rush. 



Maine to Georgia. Zone IV, possibly 



VI. 

 Junnis greenei Oakes & Tuckerm., 

 Torrey's Rush 



Nova Scotia to New Jersey. Zone IV, 



possibly VI. 

 Cyperus grayii Torr., Gray's Sedge 



Massachusetts to Florida. Zone IV, 



possibly VI. 

 Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin., 

 Common Hairgrass 



Fig. 92. Southern Labrador to North 



Carolina. Zone VI. 

 Rtimex acetosella L., Sheep Sorrel 



Fig. 60. Ubiquitous weed of worn-out 



soils. Quebec to Virginia. Zones IV, 



VI. 

 Lepidium virginicum (L.) R. Br., 

 Peppergrass 



Fig. 82. Widespread weed. Natural- 

 ized from Europe. 

 Chrysopsis falcata (Pursh.) EL, 

 Golden Aster 



Fig. 89. Southeastern Massachusetts 



to New Jersey. Zones III, IV, V, VI. 

 Parthe7iocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch., 

 Virginia Creeper 



Fig. 4. Southern Maine to Florida and 



Texas. Zones III, IV, V, VI. 



Cryptogams of the dunes: 



Geaster spp.. Earth Stars 



Massachusetts; Delaware. Bare sandy 

 areas. Zones IV, VI. 



Cladonia spp.. Lichens 



Widely distributed. Several species of 

 Cladonia may occur between vegetation 

 on bare areas. Zones II, III, IV, V, VI. 



Usnea barbata, Old Man's Beard 

 Maine; Massachusetts. On beach blum 

 and bayberry twigs. Zones II, III, IV, 

 VI. 



Aulacomnium palustre Schwaegr., 

 Moss 

 Eastern North America. In wet hol- 

 lows. Zones IV, VI. 

 Ceratodon pwrpureus (L.) Brid., 

 Moss 

 Drier sites. One of the few mosses that 

 grows regularly near the shore. Zones 

 III, IV, VI. 

 Polytrichum piliferum Schreb., Hairy 

 Cap Moss 

 Drier sites in hollows. Edges of bogs. 

 P. commune may also occur at edge of 

 bogs. Zones IV, VI. 

 Sphagnum spp.. Sphagnum or Peat 

 Moss 

 Cosmopolitan species. May form dom- 

 inant plant in boggy areas in some hol- 

 lows of dunes. Zones IV, VI. 



6. Plants of the transition zone: 



a. Dune forest to uplands: 



i. Trees and shrubs: 



Pinus rigida Mill., Pitch Pine 

 Fig. 1. Maine to Virginia. 

 Sometimes Zone IV. Zone VI. 

 PruHus serotina Ehrh., Black 

 Cherry 

 Fig. 16. Nova Scotia to Florida 

 and Texas. Zones IV, V, VI. 

 Nyssa sylvatica Marsh., Sour 

 Gum 

 Fig. 14. Maine to Florida and 

 Texas. Zones V, VI. 

 Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees., 

 Sassafras 

 Fig. 10. Southern Maine to 

 Virginia. Zones IV, V, VI. 

 Rhus copallina L., Dwarf or 

 Shining Sumac 

 Fig. 5. Southern Maine to Flor- 

 ida and Texas. Zones IV, V, VI. 

 Ilex opaca Ait., American Holly 

 Fig. 11. Eastern Massachu- 

 setts to Florida and Texas. 

 Zones V, VI. 

 Amelanchier laevis Wieg., 

 Shadbush 

 Fig. 17. Newfoundland to 

 Georgia. Species of Amelanch- 

 ier hybridize readily and there 



47 



