Table 3-52. --(Continued) 



Segment of coast, estuarine study 

 area, and stream- 



Mean 



discharge 



Segment of coast, estuarine study 

 area, and stream- 



Mean 



Hischarge 



SEGMENT 8 



St. Joseph Bay: 



St. Andrew Sound: 



East Bay (St. Andrew): 



West Bay: 



North Bay: 



Econfina Creek near Bennett 537 



Subtotal, North Bay 



Choctawhatchee Bay: 



Choctawha tehee River near Bruce 7,073 



Alaqua Creek near De Funiak Springs.... 159 



Subtotal , Choctawhatchee Bay 



Santa Rosa Sound: 



East Bay (Pensacola) : 



Yellow River at Mllligan 1,151 



Shoal River near Crestview 1,092 



Blackwattr River near Baker 305 



537 



C.f.s. - C.f.s. - 



Big Juniper Creek near Munson 70 



Big Coidwater Creek near Milton 532 



Pond Creek near Milton 82 



Subtotal, East Bay (Pensacola) 3,232 



Escambia Bay: 



Escambia River near Centuiy 6,102 



Pine Barren Creek near Barth 144 



Subtotal, Escambia Bay 6,246 



Perdido Bay: 



Perdido River at Barrineau Park 760 



Styx River near Loxley, Alabama 177 



Subtotal, Perdido Bay 937 



Total, Segment 8 18,184 



Grand total, Florida West coast 70,251 



- Segment I = Florida Bay; Segment II = East Cape Sable to Caxambas Pass; Segment III = Caxambas Pass to northern Gasparilla Sound; 

 Segment IV = northern Gasparilla Sound to northern Boca Ciega Bay; Segment V = northern Boca Ciega Bay to Cedar Keys; Segment VI = 

 Cedar Keys to Light- house Point; Segment VII = Lighhouse Point to Cape San Bias; Segment VIII = Cape San Bias to Alabama boundary. 



— Liters per second = c.f.s. x 28.3. 



stations; they were 91.9°F (33.3°C) at Key 

 West, 90.1°F (32.3°C) at St. Petersburg, 92.1°F 

 (33.4°C) at Ceda* Key, and 91.9°F (33.3°C) at 

 Pensacola. 



Figure 34 demonstrates the decreasing winter 

 temperature northward and the greater range 

 of temperature at northerly stations. Volumi- 

 nous additional data are available from other 

 sources because temperature measurement is 

 standard in biological and hydrological field 

 studies, but we have not attempted to include 

 such data because generally they fit within the 

 variations at the four stations of Figure 34. The 

 reader may wish to consult references cited 

 under Salinity, which follow; most of the ref- 

 erences contain temperature as well as salinity 

 data. 



Fish kills often accompany rapid temperature 

 decreases that result from the sudden arrivals 

 of cold fronts in late fall and winter. The shal- 

 low-water temperature under such conditions 

 drops below the minima reported above (Storey 

 and Gudger, 1936; Storey, 1937; Springer and 

 Woodburn, 1960; Rinckey and Saloman, 1964; 

 Stone and Azarovits, 1968) . 



SALINITY 



We have mapped typical salinities in estuarine 

 areas (Figs. 35, 36, and 37). Hypersalinity in 

 Florida Bay from drought and diversion of nor- 

 mal freshwater flow is a serious recurring prob- 



lem. Tabb (1963) observed that salinity greater 

 than 45',, harmed the biota. The Florida Bay 

 data (Fig. 35-1) are from Finucane and Drago- 

 vich (1959) — circles; Dragovich, Finucane and 

 May (1961) — squares; and Goodell and Gorsline 

 (1961)— triangles. The Whitewater Bay data 

 (Fig. 35-2a, 2b) from Tabb, Dubrow, and Man- 

 ning (1962) demonstrate the variations due to 

 excessive rainfall and drought. From Ten Thou- 

 sand Islands to Charlotte Harbor (Fig. 35-3) 

 hypersalinity has occurred south of Naples 

 (Finucane and Dragovich, 1959) — circles, and 

 essentially fresh water was found near the mouth 

 of the Caloosahatchee River during periodic re- 

 leases of fresh water from Lake Okeechobee 

 (Gunter and Hall, 1965) —triangles. The Char- 

 lotte Harbor data are from Dragovich, Kelly and 

 Finucane (1966) . From Lemon Bay to Sarasota 

 Bay (Fig. 35-4) salinity remains high except 

 after heavy rain because of the absence of rivers 

 (Finucane and Dragovich, 1959). The Tampa 

 Bay salinities (Fig. 35-5) are based on obser- 

 vations from 1954 to 1965 (Carl H. Saloman — 

 personal communication). The Homosassa Bay 

 and other data (Fig. 35-6) were collected by 

 personnel at the Chassahowitzka National Wild- 

 life Refuge (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 

 1967). 



Figure 36-1 of Crystal Bay is based on Daw- 

 son ( 1955b) . This portion of the coast is unique 

 in its low salinity several miles offshore despite 



82 



