difficult to distinguish between the foot-papillae 

 on the lower edge of the neuropodium and the 

 stomach-papillae on the ventrum immediately 

 below. For these reasons it is suggested that 

 the distinction between Ovbinia and Pln/lo on 

 the one hand, and Scoloplos, Haploscoloplof!, 

 and Call_fia on the other, be based on the total 

 number of papillae behind and below the pos- 

 terior thoracic neurosetae. According to Eisig 

 (1914), certain specimens of Scoloplos artnif/ir 

 which is the type species of Scoloplos have a 

 maximum of two foot-papillae and a maximum of 

 two stomach-papillae giving a total of four 

 papillae of both types. On this basis all species 

 with a total of five or more foot-papillae plus 

 stomach-papillae would be included in Orhiniu 

 or PJnjlo and those with four or less would be 

 referred to Scoloplos, Haploscoloplos. or Califia. 



Orhinia. the type genus of the family is closely 

 related to PJujlo. The latter is regarded as a 

 valid genus by Hartman (1957) and Day (1967) 

 but as a subgenus of Orbhiiu by Pettibone 

 (1957, 1963). Phijlo is distinguished from Orbhihi 

 by the possession of heavy spines or "spear- 

 headed spines" in the posterior neuropodia. 

 These form the anterior row of neuropodial 

 setae but the inferior ones are not very distinct 

 and only the superior ones of adult specimens 

 are greatly elongated so that they project well 

 above the dorsum. In P. ornatiis (Verrill) the 

 spines are less distinct than usual so that Petti- 

 bone (1963a) has referred it to OrbiiiM. In most 

 species, however, the spines with their spear- 

 shaped or arrowshaped ends are very distinc- 

 tive and Pliylo is accepted here as a valid genus. 



As mentioned earlier, the remaining genera 

 with four or fewer foot-papillae or stomach- 

 papillae are all related to Scoloplos. They are 

 distinguished from one another by the seg- 

 mental position of the first pair of branchiae, 

 the structure of the neuropodium in both the 

 thorax and abdomen and the nature of the 

 neuropodial setae. 



Scoloplos has been accepted as a valid genus 

 by all modern workers. It is commonly divided 

 into two subgenera — Scoloplos (Scoloplos) with 

 the type species Scoloplos urmigcr (Miiller) and 

 Scoloplos (Leodamas) with the type species 

 Lcodamas verax Kinberg. Pettibone (1957), in 

 her diagnosis of the two subgenera, stresses 

 the fact that in Leodamiis (sic), the thoracic 

 neuropodial lobes are low, rounded, and with- 



out ])ai)illae while in Scoloplos soisu strictu, 

 the thoracic neuropodial lobes are provided 

 "with papilla in middle of lobe, with or without 

 1 or 2 additional papillae on lower part." Hai't- 

 man (1957), in her diagnosis of the two sub- 

 genera, stresses the presence of two or more 

 acicula in the abdominal neuropodia and bran- 

 chiae .starting on setiger 10 or not until setiger 

 26 in Scoloplos se)isi( stiict/i and a single heavy 

 aciculum in abdominal neuropodia and bran- 

 chiae from setiger 5 or 6 in Scoloplos (Leo- 

 damas). Afrer consulting the descriptions of 

 many species of Scoloplos, it would appear that 

 the most useful criterion for the distinction of 

 the two subgenera is the appearance of the 

 first pair of branchiae on setiger 5-6 in Scolo- 

 plos (Lcodamas) and the appearance of bran- 

 chiae on setiger 8-10 or some subsequent seg- 

 ment in Scoloplos (Scoloplos). The number of 

 acicula in the abdominal neuropodia does not 

 appear to be constant and is not stated in the 

 descriptions of many species. 



Scohuicia has been accepted as a valid genus 

 although few species have been assigned to it. 

 Since different workers have used different 

 combinations of characters to distinguish Sco- 

 laricia from Scoloplos, Eisig's original descrip- 

 tion of the type species Scolaricia typica was 

 consulted and an attempt was made to examine 

 the type specimen from Italy. This could not be 

 traced in the Paris museum but eventually three 

 specimens from Marseilles, identified by Dr. 

 G. Bellan, were obtained with the help of Dr. 

 H. Zibrowius. The following diagnosis was ex- 

 tracted from Eisig's original account and am- 

 plified from the Marseilles specimens. 



Scolai-icia typica Eisig, 1914 from Marseilles. 



Dcscviption. — Length up to 150 mm for 

 250 .segments. Prostomium pointed. Thora.x flat- 

 tened with 18-21 setigers. Transition to abdomen 

 abrupt. Branchiae narrow and lanceolate, pre- 

 sent from setiger 15 or 16. Postsetal lobe of 

 notopodium short and tapered in thorax, be- 

 coming weakly scalpel-shaped and as long as 

 branchiae in anterior abdomen. No interramal 

 cirri. Thoracic neuropodia as vertical halfmoon- 

 shaped ridges, with a median notch but without 

 a foot-papilla in setigers 1-7, becoming oval 

 with a more dorsal notch and a single foot- 

 papilla on last three to six thoracic setigers. 

 Stomach -papillae entirely absent. Abdominal 



84 



