106 



some are common to both Sando and Sydero. They are alinost 

 exclusivcly Temperate European or Atlantic species, though Alsine 

 verna , wliich has been found on a single hill on Sydero , but has 

 otherwise not been met with in the Færoes, may be regarded as Arctic. 

 The most decidedly Atlantic species are Anagallis tenella, Scilla verna 

 and Myosotis repens, the two latter are fairly common (re.) on Sydero. 



It is characteristic ofseveral of these Temperate European and Atlantic 

 species that they do not hear fruit — a circumstance which may often 

 be noticed when a species is found at the northern extremity of its 

 area of distribution (Nathorst^, Gunnar Anderson^ and O. Ek- 

 stam^ have remarked it in the case of the flowering piants of Spits- 

 bergen and Novaya Zemlya). Of the species mentioned in the above 

 list the following only have been found without fruit: Primula acanlis, 

 Malaxis, Potamogeton prælongus and pusilhis, Psamma, Agropyrum jun- 

 ceum, Lathyrus pratensis, Polygonum amphibium, Ruppia and Zostera(i). 



When, as is hereby proved, there really exists such a difference 

 between the species met with in the northern and southern section, 

 there must be reasons to account for this floristic diversity. The 

 most obvious lies in the faet that the northern section is more de- 

 cidedly hilly with only a few low-lying regions, and this cause will 

 doubt less prove to be of great importance. While I do not consider 

 that we are justified in pointing either to its geographical position 

 to northwards or to its climate as an argument, the distances and 

 differences being so small. As another factor may be mentioned 

 the circumstances attending their immigration, and liere I allude 

 more particularly to the faet that the southern section owing to its 

 position must be first reached by the winds (and the migrating 

 hirds?) coming from the south, and the northern section by the 

 winds (and the migrating hirds?) coming from the north and this 

 suggests a possibility of the conveyance of the seed of the northern 

 and southern piants respectively. Further information on this point 

 will be found is given in the following notes on the importance of 

 the winds and the migratory hirds with regard to the immigration 

 of the chief part of the flora (p. 117). 



^ A. G. Nathorst: Nya bidrag til kannedomen om Spetsbergens kårlviixter, 

 p. 64 (Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Akad. Handl. Bd. 20. N. 6. 1883), 



^ Gunnar Andersson: Om våxtlifvct i de arktiska trakterna. Nordisk 

 Tidskrift. H. 3, 1900, p. 249. 



^ O. Eks tam: Bliitcnbiologische Beobachtungen af Novaja Semlja (Tromso 

 Museums Aarskrifter, 18. 1897). 



Idem : Einige bliitenbiologischc Beobachtungen auf Spitzbcrgen. (Ibid.. 20. 1898). 



