338 



Sticta pninionaria, Sphijridiiun placophijllum, 



— fiiliginosa, Bilimbia (iromatica. 



Sqiiamaria cartilaginea, 



The majority of them is most fiequent in the woody tenipe- 

 rate regions of F^nrope. 



By the term »snbarctic« I mean countries, analogons to the 

 subalpine, where but Httle of the soil is under cultivation, and 

 where the woods still are dense, but situated far apart and stunted 

 by cold and snow (not by wind and dry air) as is the case in Iceland 

 and Northern Scandinavia. As to the phyto-geographical position 

 of the Færoes, they may, also with regard to their lichen-vegetation, 

 be placed between the subarctic and the woody regions of Europe 

 with an element of Atlantic growlh, in perfect conformity with 

 their geographical position. 



