24 (jreorgina Swe/'f : 



lapping that of 0. gutturosa only. In diameter it is often only 

 half that found in other forms. The cuticle in the female 0. indica 

 is distinctly thinner than in O. gutturosa, but twice at least - as 

 thick as in O. gibsoni. Moreover, the ridges of the cuticle so. char- 

 acteristic of the female Onchocerca are further apart in the middle 

 of the body than in 0. gibsoni, and are often much more prominent. 



Comparative measurements in some of these cases may possibly 

 be regarded as misleading, and further observations may render 

 the range in size much nearer, still the greater number: and different 

 arrangement of the anal papillae, and the greater length of the 

 long spicule, the generally thicker head of the male and thinner 

 head and tail of the female, and the usually longer oesophagus in 

 both male and female seem to eall for the separation of the new 

 species, which it will be seen is in some respects intermediate 

 between 0. gibsoni and 0. gutturosa. 



This being established, one expected to find, even more than a 

 possible geographical delimitation of the species, a definite, relation 

 to the special host ; and in examining the material which so recently 

 arrived from an old Indian bullock (Bos indicus) from the Malay 

 States, and from Siam humped cattle (Ho* indicus) freshly imported 

 into Kuala Lumpur (P.M. 8. ) for slaughter, I certainly expected to 

 find that these nodules, especially in the former case, were 0. iiulica, 

 and in the latter either that, or quite possibly a form intermediate 

 between it and 0. gibsoni, and perhaps rendering the separation of 

 the former from the latter untenable. To my surprise, the nodules 

 from all of these contained worms belonging without any doubt 

 whatever to 0. gibsoni, the measurements, etc., of those parts men- 

 tioned above on which the separation is based being almost invariably 

 those of average specimens of 0. gibsoni, or even nearer the limit of 

 the range in 0. gibsoni, away from that which approaches the 

 range of 0. indieaA This fact corroborates some years after, and 

 on varied material from Bos indicus from Siam as well as Indian 

 bullock (Bos indicus) long domiciled and possibly bred in Malaya, 

 the identification by Leiper of Ford's original material, also from 

 an old Indian Zebu in Malaya. Johnston (1911, p. 223) quite 

 obviously misinterprets Leiper in stating that he identified " aortic 

 worms " in Malayan buffaloes recorded by Ford, 1902 (not 1903) 

 as Onchocerca gibsoni. Leiper's identification (1911, p. 10) was 

 of the material referred to by Daniels (1904, p. 17) as coining from 

 " near the shoulder in bullock beef." For purposes of comparison I 



1 See Addendum 1. 



