8 Georgia a Sweet : 



It. would have been, of interest to find whether these nodules are 

 present or not in the Seladang, or wild Malay gaur (Bos gaums 

 hubbacki), but, unfortunately, no evidence whatever Avas forth- 

 coming. 



The two bovine aortic worms previously referred to are also pre- 

 sent, as I was able to see in Malaya and the regions to the North, as 

 has been recorded already, though not always by name, by various 

 authors, and first of all by Ford (1902); thus, 0. armiUata has 

 also been recorded in bullocks, and rarely in buffaloes (less than 

 1 per cent.) by Tuck (1904, p. 30), from animals killed at the 

 slaughter-house at Kuala Lumpur (F.M.S.). They are also described 

 from cattle killed at Hue (Annam) by Bernard and Bauche 

 (1912, p. 112) and Railliet and Henry (1912, p. 117), while 

 E. poeli (under various names) has also been recorded by 

 Von Linstow as Filaria haemophila (1904, p. 352), from buffalo, 

 by Tuck (1904, p. 20), from buffalo and bullock (?) (p. 32) at 

 Kuala Lumpur, by Ford (1907, p. 517) from buffalo (in 72 per cent, 

 of carcases examined) at the abattoirs at Kuala Lumpur, and also 

 in buffaloes in the country districts of Selangor, Negri Sembilan, 

 and Pahang, by Bernard and Bauche (1912, p. 109) (83 per cent, 

 of buffaloes and 1 per cent, of oxen being affected), and by Railliet 

 and Henry (1903, p. 254; 1912, p. 115) from Hue (Annam). 



India and Ceylon. 



Hitherto worm-nodules in the connective tissues have never been 

 recorded from India or Ceylon, and, except in one instance, have 

 been quite unknown there. Leiper states that Lingard has recorded 

 Onchocerciasis in India — this refers, however, only to Aortic worms. 

 The difficulties of the investigation are considerably greater than 

 elsewhere for several reasons. The number of cattle killed is pro- 

 portionately small, and they are even then, as in Java and Malay, 

 almost invariably aged (e.g., 7-10 years is the usual age in many 

 parts), and are only killed because they are no longer able to work. 

 Also, the amount of meat consumed is proportionately less than in 

 colder countries; and, further, in many places, it is almost entirely 

 one section of the native population alone which uses the flesh of 

 the local animals for food, the meat supply for the European resi- 

 dents being largely imported frozen. As a result of this, detailed 

 meat inspection, even as Ave know it, is unknown, more especially 

 in most parts of India. Although a form of meat inspection exists 

 as elsewhere, the ordinary process Avas absolutely useless for my 



