358 Georgina Sveef : 



generally singly, but sometimes in groups of two. Here, for 

 some reason or othei-, the Mullerian duct has gone on developing 

 more than is usually the case in the male frog, and some of the 

 cells of the germinal epithelium have formed ova ; but still no 

 communication has beeai establisKed between the oviduct and 

 the cloaca. There can be, therefore, no functional activity of 

 the oviduct, at all events. 



iV. Skeleton. 



(i). — Vertebral Column. 



Variations in the skeleton are also to be met occasionally. 

 The most remarkable example Avhich has been seen here is that 

 shown in PL xix., Fig. 1 — for which figure I am indebted 

 to Professor Baldwin Spencer. In this individual (W), it will be 

 seen that the neural arches, as well as the bodies of the 

 vertebrae, are very much distorted, those of the 7th and 8th 

 being fused together, that of the 9th being completely fused 

 with the urostyle. The malformation of all the processes is 

 very conspicuous. Although there is the correct number of 

 transverse processes on the i-ight side, their number and rela- 

 tionships on the left side are quite abnormal. On reference 

 to the figure, it may be observed that the left transverse process 

 of the 2nd vertebra has become articulated to the 1st vertebral 

 body — that of the 3rd is now on the 2nd, and so on to the large 

 transverse process of the sacral vertel^ra 9, which is attached 

 to the hinder part of the left side of the fused 7tli and 8th 

 bodies — while the part of the urostyle representing the 9th 

 body, has on its left side a small backwardly dircL'ted process, 

 and on the right the large sacral process is articulated with it. 



In a second individual (X) (see PI. xix., Fig. 2), both sides of 

 the skeleton showed a somewhat similar condition to that 

 present on the left side of the previous one (W), i.e., the trans- 

 verse processes of each of the 2nd to the 9th vertebrae are 

 transferred to the vertebra in front. The 9th vertebra, which 

 is not fused with the urostyle, has no true transverse jiro- 

 cesses. Its posterior zygapophyses, however, are very much 

 elongated, and, viewed from below, may be seen to have a con- 

 nection with the side of the neural arch, as thouLrh a rudimen- 



