SiLffixes in Oceanic Languages. 311 



lead. These last two examples are quite in the Melanesian style, 

 (c.f. Ulawa na'o to face, naohi to lead, to direct); fapa to pul- 

 verise, tnpahi to chop (Sa'a tajm to strike, tapali to cut off, reap); 

 hua to raise with a lever, huaki to open, uncover, (Sa'a hu'e to 

 lever hu'csi. to open, Samoan sua to grub. Tahitian huai to 

 uncover oven); mata eye, ?nafaki to watch, matai to seek to obtain 

 by artifice, (Mota mata eye, mafag to watch) ; kaha a rope, kahaki 

 a strap, a master, (Tongan kafa sinnet, kafakafai to bind); niahi 

 to vomit, (Mota lulua v.i. to vomit, luag v.t., Marquesas ua, uaki, 

 Malay luat to loathe); nunumi to disappear behind, (Sa'a nunu 

 shadoAv) ; horo, horomi to swalloiv. (Samoan folo to swallow); hau 

 to hew, to chop, haiimi to join, a joint; fanu to bui'v, tanumi to 

 fold double, to disappear behind, (Samoan tarnima'i to cover up 

 with, tanu to bury); koro a noose, korori adj. twisted, v. to stir 

 round; faro adv. a little while, farori to pass away quickly, (c.f. 

 Sa'a ha'atau far off, ha'atauli to be far off); hokai adj. spread out, 

 hokari to stretch out the legs, to move by stretching the legs, 

 (Florida voka to be open, Sa'a hoka to come apart, hokasi v.t. to 

 burst open); kopa adj. bent, kopnni to shut to, a lid, kopaki to 

 wrap; kapi to be covered, kapiti adj. enclosed; apiapi adj. close 

 together, apiti to place side by side (Samoan apiapi narrow, Sa'a 

 apiepi to be contiguous to, Malay apit side by side); ho to pout, 

 Jwai to sniff, to rub noses (Tahitian ho7ni to sniff', Mangareva 

 aka-hoho to lick, c.f. Sa'a nono to sniff, nono'i to kiss); po night, 

 poniponi adj. dim; titoni to peck (Hawaiian kiko to dot, Mar- 

 quesas, Tahitian tito to peck, Mota tit to strike off flakes); meatinia 

 the passive of mea, shows a compound Suffix made uj) of ti and n^; 

 rau a leaf, raupi to cover over. 



Remarks. — There can be no doubt that the Verbal Suffixes appear 

 in Maori, since the above examples definitely prove their existence. 

 The use of such words as hokai, kapiti, punui, as Adjectives, may 

 easily find a parallel in Melanesia, Sa'a pele adv. by mischance, 

 pde'i adv. by mischance, pelena'ini to do by mischance, lae to go, 

 laehi v.t. to travel through, laelae'i adv. ere laelae'i wayside talk; 

 ^hu to be complete, ahu'i prep, with suffixed pronoun, around; 

 and as will be seen below the Syllabic Suffixes are used in Sa'a to 

 form Participles, which may be considered as Adjectives. Melanesia 

 offers no parallel to the use of such a word as kahaki as a Noun 

 (c.f. however yapuhit , glue, in Mota, where the final t is the Verbal 

 Suffix), Init it is not difficult to see how its use as a Noun has come 

 about. Many words in Maori classed as Adjectives, e.g. apiapi, ar» 



