812 W. G. Iveris: 



evidently Verbs (c.f. Mota vanam.eag waste, useless, Avhere ag is a 

 Verbal Suffix); while a word like taro a little Avhile, which is classed 

 as an Adverb, seems rather to be a Vei'b, also ha'atau in Sa'a which 

 has ]>een instanced above is rather a Verb, ha' a the Causative and 

 tan, verb, to be far off, and the conclusion may be drawn that the 

 so-called Adverbs to which the Verbal Suffixes are attached are really 

 Verbs (c.f. Mota, niwaninag adv. bumping up and down, nina to- 

 knock). 



Both classes of the Sufhxes are used in Melanesia to form Parti- 

 ciples, or, as they may be considered, Adjectives, Sa'a ^^e/e'i (as 

 above), oro to stoop, uroma'i bowed together, luhe to loose, luhefa'i 

 loosed, inou to be broken, moufe'i only, single. 



Maori seems to use more than one Suffix with the same Verb, 

 e.g. kopa, kopani, kopahi; mata, matai, mataki ; this may b& 

 paralleled by Ulawa, siki to come off, be detached, sikili to tw^ang 

 with the fingers, xikihi to undo, lae to go, loehi to go through, laeli 

 trahi to make an oi-ation; Mota sogo, sogoti, sogov; but as a rule in 

 ^Felanesian each Verb is used with its own particular Suffix. 



It will also be noticed that a common use of these Suffixes in 

 Maori is to convey thereby a slightly different signification to the 

 meaning of the Verb, e.g. fapa and tapahi, this may be paralleled 

 by Mota sala to boil, salag to cook with hot stones, but the common 

 Melanesian use of these Suffixes, viz., to make a neuter Verb 

 definitely transitive, etc., is not so common in Maori, though oro, 

 arohi is an example of it. 



Our conclusion is, therefore, that with the one exception of Verbs 

 formed from Adjectives by the addition of the Verbal Suffixes (Sa'a 

 paine big, painesi to be too big for) all the various characteristic 

 uses of the Verbal Suffixes in Melanesia are found also in Maoris 

 while in addition Maori has employed the Suffixes to form Nouns. 



(6) Verbal Suffixes in Samoan . 



The Samoan use with regard to the Consonantal Verbal Suffixes 

 approximates very closely to the use of the same Suffixes in Mel- 

 anesia. " In Samoan the termination ta'i or sa'i adds the sense 

 of 'with' to the verb; 7110010' e to run, mo'eta'i to run witfi a 

 thing; 'a' an to swim, 'ausa'i to swim with a thing." ("Mel. 

 Lang.," p. 181.) But ta'i also conveys a particular transitive 

 force, lafi to hide oneself, lafifa'i to hide away, to conceal. In Sa'a 

 we notice that the Syllabic Suffix also conveys the sense of " with," 

 hum to run, hurune'ini to run with a thing; olo to swim, olohi to 



