Suffixes in Oceanic Languages. 



:527 



without a suffixed Pronoun, i.e., there is no way of saying "bro- 

 ther," "sister," "friend," etc., without saying "my brother," 

 ■etc. This peculiarity of speech seems to suggest that originally 

 certain Nouns expressing kinship or relationship had a definite 

 termination as such in these two languages as they have in Poly- 

 nesia; and the refusal of the two peoples to use these words exctj)t 

 with a suffixed Pronoun may mark a consciousness of the loss of 

 the termination. 



In xMota " a brother," " the brother,'" is rendered o tasiu, in 

 Maori te teina, in Sa'a a ma 'asine, in Ulawa a 'ulaka'elu {ka e.lu 

 meaning " our "). This termination iia is seen extensively in the 

 Oceanic languages in words denoting relationship : — Maori tupuna 

 ancestor (Mot a tupui); teina younger brother (Mota tasiu); 

 tuakana elder brother ; Samoan teine girl ; Niue hoana friend 

 (Maori hoa, Mota soai); Fiji tinana, Motu sinana, Samoan tina, 

 Malay inana, mother; Fiji tamana father (Mota tamaim his 

 father), txikana grandfather; lomana heart, may be an instance 

 ■of na as a Suffix ; suina bone certainly shows na as a Suffix (Mota 

 suriu, Sa'a su'isuli). 



Melanesian New Guinea shoAvs i, a, na as Suffixes forming Inde- 

 pendent Nouns. Wedau ; natui son ; amana father. Dobu ; nimana 

 hand; hihma bone. Panaieti; matan eye; niman hand; maninin 

 face. Motu ; tamana father ; tadina brother ; kakana elder bro- 

 ther; turia bone (Oceanic suli); the word for "hand" in Mala- 

 gasy tanana seems to show na as a Suffix of this nature; c.f. also 

 Malay tanaii hand (Polynesian tano to touch). In Sa'a, Ulawa, 

 San Cristoval, Samoa, na is added to Cardinals to form Ordinals, 

 ni is thus used in Florada, and iu, i, in Mota, and the word so 

 formed is a Noun ; hence it is probable that these endings na, ni, 

 iu, i, are identical with the terminations of the Independent 

 Nouns. 



TABLE III. 



