164 



MASAYASU SATO 



of the tongue with NaCl of varying concentrations and temperatures. The 

 response magnitude is increased gradually with a rise in temperature (left 

 in Fig. 14). This is probably attributed to increase in the response of units 

 sensitive to warming, because in frogs there are no cold units but there are 

 warm units (Kimura, unpublished). The response magnitude is increased 

 with an increase in the concentration, but the increment of the response 

 magnitude is nearly constant from 5-C to 30'C, although it is reduced 

 slightly above 35'C (right in Fig. 14). The response to other kinds of 

 taste stimuli is more or less the same as that to NaCl. 



15 



10 



5 - 



■Ringer 



10 20 30 



Temperature CO 



40 



0.5 

 >p, central ion ( M ) 



Fig. 14. Relationship between the magnitude of the integrated response of the 



glossopharyngeal nerve in a frog and temperature of NaCl solutions (A) and 



that between the response magnitude and NaCI concentration at varying 



temperatures (B). From Yamashita, unpublished. 



REFERENCES 



Abbott, P. S. 1953. The Effect of Temperature on Taste in the White Rat. Providence, 



R.T. : Brown Univ. 

 Appelberg, B. 1958. Species differences in the taste qualities mediated through the 



glossopharyngeal nerve. Acta Physiol. Scand. 44, 129-137. 

 Beidler, L. M. 1954. A theory of taste stimulation. /. Gen. Physiol. 38, 133-139. 

 Cohen, Hagiwara and Zotterman, Y. 1955. The response spectrum of taste fibres 



in the cat : A single fibre analysis. Acta Physiol. Scand. 33, 316-332. 

 DoDT, E. and Zotterman, Y. 1952. The mode of action of warm receptors. Acta 



Physiol. Scand. 26, 345-357. 

 Fishman, I. Y. 1957. Single fiber gustatory impulses in rat and hamster. /. Cell. Comp. 



Physiol. 49, 319-334. 

 Hahn, H. 1936. Ueber die Ursache der Geschmacksempfindung. Klin. Wschr. 15, 



933-935. 

 MoNCRiEF, R. W. 1951. The Chemical Sense. London: Leonard Hill. 

 Zotterman, Y. 1954. Sensory Receptjrs. In Nerve Impulse, ed. Nachmansohn, D., 



New York : Josiah Macy, Jr. 



