53 



ANATOJIY OF VERTEBRATES. 



extreme length and tenuity in tlie Woodpeckers, ib. hh, D, and 

 supports at its fore end the barbed glossohyal, ib. gh. Sometimes 

 the urohyal, fig. 31, 43, is confluent with thebasihyal(^Zc« impennis, 



Vanellus, Cohanha); more often 

 articulated therewith, or with 

 both basi- and thyro-hyals, fig. 33, 

 C,uh( Grus cinerea). The ' thyro- 

 hyals ' usually retain the two ele- 

 ments of the branchial arch above 

 cited, and shown in figs. 26 and 

 31, 46 and 47, fig. 33, hh, ch. 



Only in a skull of the extinct 

 A'ptornis have I seen an ossified 

 ' stylohyal : ' it was anchylosed as 

 a styloid process to the side of 

 the inferiorly produced basisphe- 

 noid.^ 



The bone, figs. 26, 28, 29, 31, 

 73, situated at the fore part of the 

 orbit and pierced or grooved by 

 the lacrymal duct, articulates, 

 when not anchylosed, to the 

 frontal, nasal, and prefrontal ; it 

 usually sends one process from 

 its upper part arching over the 

 upper and fore part of the orbit ; 

 and a second process, from its un- 

 der part, downward to abut upon 

 the maxillary, di^dding the orbital 

 from the antorbital vacuity. 



Like the lacrymal in Fishes, 

 this bone in some birds is con- 

 nected with a suborbital frame 

 extending to the post-frontal 

 (^Macrocercus, Strigops), fig. 30, 

 o, g^ and even with the mastoid 

 ( Calyptorhynchus, Plyctolophus, 

 Licmetes, Microglossus aterrimus^ 

 Lathamus). 



The superorbital part of the lacrymal is broad and flat, in Aquila, 

 and articulates mth a similar superorbital derm-bone : in Vultur 



^-^ 



Hyf.id. C Gru», D Ficiis. 



xvr. vol. iii. pi. 52, fig. 3, 38. 



