86 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 



These last insertions seem to represent the continuation of the 

 sacro-lumhalis in Man, which is termed the cervicalis descendens 

 or ascendens. 



The longissimus dorsi is blended posteriorly both with the 

 sacro-lumhalis and the multifidus spince, and anteriorly with the 

 outer portion of the spinalis dorsi. It extends as far forward as 

 the thirteenth cervical vertebra. It arises from the inner or mesial 

 half of the anterior margin of the ilium ; from a strong aponeu- 

 rosis attached to the spines of the eighth, seventh and sixth dorsal 

 vertebrae ; and from the diapophyses of the sixth, fifth, fourth and 

 third dorsal vertebrae. The carneous fibres continued from the 

 second origin, or series of origins from the spinous processes, in- 

 cline slightly outward as they pass forward, and are inserted into 

 the anapophyses of the first three dorsal vertebra, receiving ac- 

 cessory fibres from the spinalis dorsi. The fasciculi from the 

 diapophyses incline inward, and are also inserted into the anapo- 

 physes of the vertebras anterior to them ; they receive fibres from 

 the iliac origin, and soon begin to form a series of oblique carneous 

 fasciculi, which become more distinct as they are situated more 

 anteriorly ; they are at first implanted in the vertebra next in front 

 of that from which they rise, and then into the vertebra next but 

 one in front : the most anterior of these tendons of insertions, to 

 which can be traced any of the fibres of the main body of the 

 longissimus dorsi is that which is implanted into the thirteenth 

 cervical vertebra ; it is this fasciculus which is joined by the first 

 or most posterior of ihQ fasciculi ohliqui of the long us colli posticus, 

 Ohliquus colli, a series of oblique carneous fasciculi, evidently 

 a continuation of, or part of the same system with those in which 

 the longissimus dorsi terminates anteriorly, is continued between 

 the diapophysis of one cervical vertebra to the anapophysis or 

 posterior zygapophysis of the next vertebra but one in advance, 

 as far forward as the fourth cervical vertebra. This series of 

 muscles seems to represent the transversalis colli, which is the 

 anterior continuation of the longissimus dorsi in Mammalia, but 

 it differs in being inserted into the oblique, instead of the trans- 

 verse processes. In the direction of their fibres these fasciculi 

 resemble the semispinalis colli, but they are inserted into the 

 oblique processes instead of the spines of the vertebra?. There 

 are no other muscles with which they can be compared in the 

 Mammalia than these two, witli neither of which, however, do 

 they precisely correspond ; they seem to represent the second 

 series of oblique muscular fasciculi in the trunk of Fishes. 



The fasciculi ohliqui which rise from the first two dorsal and 



