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162 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 



The gastric glands are variously arranged. 



Among the Raptores, we find them in the Golden Eagle dis- 

 posed in the form of a broad compact belt; in the Sparrowhawk 

 this belt is slightly di\ided into four distinct portions. 



In the Insessores the glands are generally arranged in a con- 

 tinuous zone around the proventriculus ; but in some of the 

 Si/ndactyli, as the Hornbill, the circle is composed of the blending 

 together of two large oval groups. 



Among the Scansores the Parrots have the gastric glands dis- 

 posed in a continuous circle, which is at some distance from the 

 small gizzard. In the Woodpeckers the glands are arranged in a 

 triangular form, with the apex towards the gizzard. In the Tou- 

 can they are dispersed over the whole proventriculus, but are 

 more closely aggregated near the gizzard; the lining membrane of 

 the cavity is reticulate, and the orifices of the glands are in the 

 interspaces of the meshes. 



Among the Rasores the Pigeon shows its afiinity to the Pas- 

 serine Birds in having the gastric glands of a simple structure, 

 and arranged in a zonular form : they are chiefly remarkable for 

 their large cavity and mde orifice. In the Common Fowl and 

 Turkey the glands are more complex, and form a complete 

 circle. 



In the Cursores the arrangement of the glands is different in 

 almost every genus. In the Ostrich they are of an extremely 

 complicated structure, and are extended in unusual numbers over 

 an oval space on the left side of the proventriculus, which 

 reaches from the top to the bottom of the cavity, and is about 

 four inches broad. The Rhea has the solvent glands aggregated 

 into a single circular patch, which occupies the posterior side of 

 the proventricular cavity. In the Emeu the gastric glands are 

 scattered over the whole inner surface of the proventriculus, and 

 are of large size ; they terminate towards the gizzard in two 

 oblique lines. In the Cassowary the glands are dispersed over 

 the proventriculus with a similar degree of uniformity; but they 

 are smaller, and their lower boundary is transverse. In the 

 Apteryx the glands occupy its Avhole circumference, opening in 

 the meshes of a reticulate surface.^ 



Among the Grallatores, the Marabou ( Ciconia argald) has the 

 nearest affinity to the Khea in the structure and disposition of 

 the gastric glands ; they are each composed of an aggregate of 

 five or six follicles, terminating in the proventriculus by a com- 



