486 ANATOINIY OF VEKTEBRATES. 



MoschidcB agree in botli characters with the horned Kuminants ; 

 but the rotular channel is unusually long and narrow in the 

 Chevrotains. The head of the femur turns but little out of the 

 longitudinal axis of the shaft, of which the great trochanter is 

 the highest part: the articular surface extends from the head 

 toward the base of the trochanter, in a subtrochlear form : the 

 ligamentous pit is in the middle of the hemispheric part of the 

 head. The back part of the proximal end is flattened, especially 

 in CamelidcB : the trochanterian fossa is deep, that above the 

 outer condyle is shallow ; its outer border is continued from the 

 ' linea asj^era,' and is rough : there is a rough eminence at a 

 similar distance above the inner condyle. 



The tibia, ib. B, 2, like its homotype the radius, is the chief 

 bone of its segment ; it is also the longest bone of the hind limb. 

 The proximal end is most expanded : the two articular surfaces 

 rise at the middle of the head, and that of the inner surface 

 higher in BovidcB than in CervidcB : there is a tuberosity at their 

 posterior interspace : the broader base of the anterior spine fills 

 up the anterior one, but is separated from the outer condylar 

 surface by a deep groove : the spine projects from the fore part of 

 the upper fourth of the shaft, inclining outward : it subsides to- 

 ward the inner side of the shaft, the back part of which is flat- 

 tened and marked by longitudinal intermuscular ridges. The 

 distal articular surface is subquadrate, with a notch and articular 

 fossa on its outer side for the ossicle representing the distal or 

 'malleolar' extremity of the fibula,^ fig. 193, 67, fOx); this coa- 

 lesces with the tibia in Chevrotains. In the Rein-deer, as in 

 Moschus moschiferus and M. aquaticus, the proximal end of the 

 fibula projects downward as a short styliforai process from the 

 outer part of the head of the fibula : in Tragulus Napu it extends 

 more than half-way down the tibia,^ and the shaft exists as 

 a sclerous tissue in all Ruminants. The distal articular surface 

 of the tibia presents a pair of deep antero-posterior channels 

 divided by a transversely convex tract of equal extent : they 

 are less oblique than in the Horse-tribe ; the inner malleolus 

 descends the lowest. 



The tarsus, fig. 193, ' Ox,' consists of astragalus, a, calcaneum, 

 cl, scapho-cuboid, s-h, and ectocuneiform, ec : the confluence of 

 the naviculare or scaphoid with the cuboid does not take place in 

 CamelidcE : it does so in Moschidce, and the fusion extends to the 

 ectocuneiform in Tragulus.^ A mesocuneiform is present in 



' CLi. torn. IV. p. 18. - XLiv. p. 580, no. 3495. 



^ Ib, and LXXI1-. p. 59. 



