510 ANATOMY OF VEKTEBKATES. 



between the condyles, but not, or rarely, above tlie inner condyle. 

 In the Genet, the humerus shows the entocondylar, but not the 

 intercondylar hole. In the femur a ridge extends from the great 

 trochanter more than half-way down the shaft of the bone. In 

 the Ichneumon {Mangusta), the upper contour of the scapula is 

 slightly sigmoid, very convex anteriorly, and the prespinal is 

 larger than the postspinal fossa. The acromion is bifid. The 

 humerus is pierced both betAveen the condyles and above the 

 inner condyle. The supplementary ossicle at the radial side of 

 the carpus is present in most ViverridcB. Its homotype exists in 

 the tarsus of Cynocjale and Bassaris. The hallux is wanting in 

 both Mangusta j)enicillata and M. tetradactyla. 



In the CanidcE the scapulae, and especially the limb-bones, are 

 longer and more slender, relatively, than in the foregoing car- 

 nivorous families. There are clavicular styles. The humerus 

 has the intercondylar vacuity, not the entocondylar perforation. 

 The pollex is reduced to the ' dew-claw ' appendage ; and, in 

 Canis jnctus, to a metacarpal style, which is concealed. The ulna 

 and radius are closely and extensively united : swift course is the 

 characteristic of the present digitigrade family. The slender 

 fibula closely adheres to the lower half of the tibia. The hallux 

 is reduced to a minute beginning of the metatarsal. The acces- 

 sory carpal ossicle and the fabella? are present. 



In the Hycena, the humerus is usually pierced between the 

 condyles: it is thicker in proportion to its lengtli than in the 

 Dos:, but is more bent and twisted : the same characters mark 

 the radius and ulna, which are still shorter in proportion than in 

 the Dog. The pollex is reduced to a rudiment of its metacarpal. 

 In fig. 191 {Hycena, p. 306), si marks the ^ scapholunar ' common 

 to the carpus of all Carnivora, c is the cuneiforme, p tlie pisi- 

 forme ; t trapezium, d trapezoides, m magnum, and u unciforme. 

 The femur is more compressed antero-posteriorly than in the Dog, 

 and the small trochanter is more posterior in position. The neck 

 is longer, and the head of the bone larger : there is a fabella be- 

 hind each condyle. The tibia is shorter than the femur : the rotular 

 ridge is less produced than in the Dog. The fibula is less flat- 

 tened at its lower half, and more independent of the tibia than in 

 the Dog. The entocuneiform supports a rudiment of the meta- 

 tarsus of the hallux, as in the Dog : the calcaneal process is shorter 

 and thicker. 



All Felines have the clavicular bone s. The humerus per- 

 forated above the inner condyle, but not between the condyles. In 

 the Lion, fig. 337, the supraspinal fossa of the scapula, 51, is less 



